Menezes M P, Santos G P, Nunes D V Q, Silva D L B, Victório C P, Fernandes-Santos C, Bem G F de, Costa C A, Resende A C, Ognibene D T
Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia Ambiental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 2025 Feb 3;58:e14210. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X2024e14210. eCollection 2025.
Alpinia zerumbet, a plant native to East Asia, is widely found on the Brazilian coast, where it is used in folk medicine as an antihypertensive, diuretic, and anxiolytic. This study investigated the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained from Alpinia zerumbet leaves (AZE) on cardiovascular changes and oxidative status in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). SHR and Wistar-Kyoto male rats, 90 days old, treated or not with AZE (50 mg/kg/day in drinking water) for six weeks, were used in this study. Blood pressure (BP) was assessed weekly by tail plethysmography. At the end of treatment, the animals were anesthetized with thiopental (70 mg/kg, ip), blood was collected through abdominal aorta puncture, the thoracic aorta and left ventricle were isolated for morphometric analysis and immunostaining of NOX-4, SOD-2, 8-isoprostane, and angiotensin II AT1 receptors (AT1R), and the mesenteric arterial bed (MAB) was isolated for the assessment of vascular function. Oxidative damage in lipids and proteins and the enzymatic antioxidant activity were evaluated in plasma samples by spectrophotometry. AZE normalized BP in SHR. Although the treatment did not improve the MAB vascular dysfunction, it reversed the cardiovascular remodeling in the aorta and left ventricle. In addition, AZE improved antioxidant activity in plasma and SOD-2 immunostaining in the thoracic aorta and left ventricle, decreased protein carbonylation in plasma, and reduced 8-isoprostane, NOX-4, and AT1R immunostaining in the cardiovascular system. The results suggested that AZE reversed hypertension and cardiovascular remodeling in SHR, which was associated with lower oxidative stress and AT1R.
艳山姜是一种原产于东亚的植物，在巴西海岸广泛分布，在当地民间医学中被用作抗高血压、利尿和抗焦虑药物。本研究调查了艳山姜叶水醇提取物（AZE）对自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心血管变化和氧化状态的影响。本研究使用了90日龄的SHR和Wistar-Kyoto雄性大鼠，分别给予或不给予AZE（饮用水中50 mg/kg/天）处理六周。每周通过尾容积描记法评估血压（BP）。在治疗结束时，用硫喷妥钠（70 mg/kg，腹腔注射）麻醉动物，通过腹主动脉穿刺采集血液，分离胸主动脉和左心室进行形态计量分析以及对NOX-4、SOD-2、8-异前列腺素和血管紧张素II AT1受体（AT1R）进行免疫染色，并分离肠系膜动脉床（MAB）以评估血管功能。通过分光光度法评估血浆样本中脂质和蛋白质的氧化损伤以及酶促抗氧化活性。AZE使SHR的血压恢复正常。虽然该治疗未改善MAB的血管功能障碍，但逆转了主动脉和左心室的心血管重塑。此外，AZE提高了血浆中的抗氧化活性以及胸主动脉和左心室中SOD-2的免疫染色，降低了血浆中的蛋白质羰基化，并减少了心血管系统中8-异前列腺素、NOX-4和AT1R的免疫染色。结果表明，AZE可逆转SHR的高血压和心血管重塑，这与较低的氧化应激和AT1R有关。
