Wu Xiaodong, Song Yanhong, Yuan Zhengwei, Wu Shuodong
Department of General Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Metabolism. 2025 Apr;165:156152. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2025.156152. Epub 2025 Feb 3.
Annually, approximately 3.5 % of the world's population dies of cirrhosis or liver cancer, and the burden of liver disease is steadily expanding owing to multiple factors such as alcohol consumption, irrational diets, viral transmission, and exposure to drugs and toxins. However, the lack of effective therapies and the adverse effects of some medications remain a threat to the management of liver disease. Recently, immunometabolism, as an emerging discipline, appears to be the focus of unprecedented research. As a natural metabolite that regulates cellular functions, itaconate is a crucial bridge connecting metabolism and immune response. Remodeling immune function through metabolic modulation may be a promising alternative for disease intervention strategies. In this review, we first briefly describe the historical origin of itaconate and the development of its derivatives. This was followed by a review of the molecular mechanisms by which itaconate regulated immune-metabolic responses. Furthermore, we analyzed the effects of itaconate regulation on immune cells of the hepatic system. Finally, we summarized the experimental evidence for itaconate and its derivatives in the therapeutic application of liver diseases. Itaconate is potentially an invaluable component of emerging therapeutic strategies for liver disease.
每年，全球约3.5%的人口死于肝硬化或肝癌，由于饮酒、不合理饮食、病毒传播以及接触药物和毒素等多种因素，肝脏疾病的负担正在稳步扩大。然而，缺乏有效的治疗方法以及某些药物的不良反应仍然对肝脏疾病的治疗构成威胁。近年来，免疫代谢作为一门新兴学科，似乎成为了前所未有的研究焦点。作为一种调节细胞功能的天然代谢产物，衣康酸是连接代谢和免疫反应的关键桥梁。通过代谢调节重塑免疫功能可能是疾病干预策略的一种有前景的替代方法。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要描述衣康酸的历史起源及其衍生物的发展。随后回顾了衣康酸调节免疫代谢反应的分子机制。此外，我们分析了衣康酸调节对肝脏系统免疫细胞的影响。最后，我们总结了衣康酸及其衍生物在肝脏疾病治疗应用中的实验证据。衣康酸可能是肝脏疾病新兴治疗策略中一种非常有价值的成分。
