Zhao Xixuan, Peng Yajun, Yu Tao, Lin Senlin, Chen Hao, Qian Dan, Zhu Jianfeng, Jia Yingnan, Zou Haidong, Ma Yingyan
Department of Eye Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention & Treatment Center/Shanghai Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 1440, Hongqiao Road, Shanghai, 200336, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 100, Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
Eur J Pediatr. 2025 Feb 5;184(2):177. doi: 10.1007/s00431-025-06004-z.
The aim of this study is to examine the association between insufficient sleep and astigmatism, as well as its related refractive components, in preschool children. Preschool children aged 3 to 6 from two kindergartens in Shanghai participated in this study. Non-cycloplegic refraction was assessed using an auto-refractor (Topcon KR-800, Tokyo, Japan), and biometric parameters were measured with the IOL Master 700 (Carl Zeiss, Jena, Germany). Sleep duration and lifestyle information were collected via questionnaires. Total Astigmatism (TA), Anterior Corneal Astigmatism (ACA), Internal Astigmatism (IA), and Compensation Factor (CF) were calculated from vector components J and J. A total of 451 preschool children (55% males, mean age 5.20 ± 0.84 years) were included, with 5.8% experiencing astigmatism. Insufficient sleep was associated with higher astigmatism prevalence (OR = 2.932, 95% CI: 1.121 to 7.669) and increased cylinder power (β = 0.155, 95% CI: 0.024 to 0.286). Total sleep duration showed an inverse association with cylinder power (β = -0.049, 95% CI: -0.092 to -0.007). Insufficient sleep correlated significantly with J (β = 0.123, 95% CI: 0.032-0.215) and J (β = 0.170, 95% CI: 0.072-0.269), and CF (Adjusted OR = 1.731, 95% CI: 1.005 - 2.981). Sleep duration was also significantly associated with J, J and CF. Insufficient sleep is significantly associated with astigmatism in preschool children, primarily through internal astigmatism. These findings emphasize the need for vision screening in children with insufficient sleep to identify and address refractive issues early. What is Known: • Refractive errors, including astigmatism, are common in preschool children and influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. • Insufficient sleep is significantly associated with refractive errors, particularly myopia, and is known to affect visual health and ocular conditions. What is New: • Insufficient sleep is significantly associated with astigmatism in preschool children. • This association may primarily stem from internal compensation mechanisms.
本研究旨在探讨学龄前儿童睡眠不足与散光及其相关屈光成分之间的关联。来自上海两所幼儿园的3至6岁学龄前儿童参与了本研究。使用自动验光仪（拓普康KR - 800，日本东京）评估非散瞳验光，并使用IOL Master 700（德国耶拿卡尔蔡司公司）测量生物特征参数。通过问卷收集睡眠时间和生活方式信息。根据矢量分量J和J计算总散光（TA）、角膜前散光（ACA）、内部散光（IA）和补偿因子（CF）。共纳入451名学龄前儿童（55%为男性，平均年龄5.20±0.84岁），其中5.8%患有散光。睡眠不足与散光患病率较高（OR = 2.932，95% CI：1.121至7.669）和柱镜度数增加（β = 0.155，95% CI：0.024至0.286）相关。总睡眠时间与柱镜度数呈负相关（β = -0.049，95% CI：-0.09至-0.007）。睡眠不足与J（β = 0.123，95% CI：0.032 - 0.215）和J（β = 0.170，95% CI：0.072 - 0.269）以及CF（调整后OR = 1.731，95% CI：1.005 - 2.981）显著相关。睡眠时间也与J、J和CF显著相关。睡眠不足与学龄前儿童散光显著相关，主要通过内部散光。这些发现强调了对睡眠不足儿童进行视力筛查的必要性，以便早期识别和解决屈光问题。已知信息：• 屈光不正，包括散光，在学龄前儿童中很常见，受环境和遗传因素影响。• 睡眠不足与屈光不正显著相关，尤其是近视，并且已知会影响视觉健康和眼部状况。新发现：• 睡眠不足与学龄前儿童散光显著相关。• 这种关联可能主要源于内部补偿机制。
