Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Disabilities, Division of Human Development and Disability, Atlanta, Georgia.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Hwy, S106-4, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717 (
Prev Chronic Dis. 2023 Jul 13;20:E58. doi: 10.5888/pcd20.220408.
Many children and adolescents experience insufficient sleep, which poses risks for their short- and long-term health and development. This study examined the concurrent associations of contextual factors, including child, demographic, neighborhood, and family factors, with short sleep duration.
We combined data on children aged 3 to 17 years from the 2016-2019 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 112,925) to examine the association of parent-reported child short sleep duration (ages 3-5 y, <10 h; 6-12 y, <9 h; 13-17 y, <8 h) with mental, behavioral, and developmental disorders (MBDDs); selected physical health conditions; and demographic, neighborhood, and family factors.
Overall, 34.7% of children experienced short sleep duration. The prevalence was highest among children aged 6 to 12 years (37.5%); children from racial and ethnic minority groups, especially non-Hispanic Black children (50.0%); children from low-income households (44.9%); children with an MBDD (39.6%); children experiencing negative neighborhood factors (poor conditions and lack of safety, support, and amenities, 36.5%); and family factors such as inconsistent bedtime (57.3%), poor parental mental (47.5%) and physical health (46.0%), and adverse childhood experiences (44.1%). The associations between sleep and demographic, neighborhood, and family factors, and MBDD remained significant after controlling for all other factors.
This study identified several individual, family, and community factors that may contribute to children's short sleep duration and can be targeted to improve healthy development, particularly among children with an MBDD, from households with low socioeconomic status, or from racial and ethnic minority groups who are at increased risk for short sleep duration.
许多儿童和青少年睡眠不足，这对他们的短期和长期健康和发育都存在风险。本研究考察了包括儿童、人口统计学、邻里和家庭因素在内的背景因素与短睡眠时间的并发关联。
我们结合了 2016-2019 年全国儿童健康调查（N=112925）中 3 至 17 岁儿童的数据，研究了家长报告的儿童短睡眠时间（3-5 岁，<10 小时；6-12 岁，<9 小时；13-17 岁，<8 小时）与精神、行为和发育障碍（MBDD）、某些身体健康状况以及人口统计学、邻里和家庭因素的关联。
总体而言，34.7%的儿童存在短睡眠时间。在 6 至 12 岁的儿童中，这一比例最高（37.5%）；来自种族和族裔少数群体的儿童，特别是非西班牙裔黑人儿童（50.0%）；来自低收入家庭的儿童（44.9%）；患有 MBDD 的儿童（39.6%）；经历负面邻里因素的儿童（条件差且缺乏安全、支持和便利设施，36.5%）；以及家庭因素，如不一致的就寝时间（57.3%）、父母心理健康状况不佳（47.5%）和身体健康状况不佳（46.0%）以及不良童年经历（44.1%）。在控制所有其他因素后，睡眠与人口统计学、邻里和家庭因素以及 MBDD 之间的关联仍然显著。
本研究确定了一些可能导致儿童短睡眠时间的个体、家庭和社区因素，这些因素可以作为目标，以改善健康发育，特别是在患有 MBDD、来自社会经济地位较低家庭或处于短睡眠时间风险增加的种族和族裔少数群体的儿童中。
