Li Shuailong, Yahaya Sani, Bojanowski Jan, Ragazzon Giulio, Dydio Paweł
University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
University of Strasbourg, CNRS ISIS UMR 7006, 8 Allée Gaspard Monge 67000 Strasbourg France.
Chem Sci. 2025 Jan 28;16(9):4167-4174. doi: 10.1039/d4sc06806h. eCollection 2025 Feb 26.
A dual relay catalytic protocol, built on reversible dehydrogenation of amines by Rh catalysis and C-H functionalisation of transient imines by Pd catalysis, is reported to enable regioselective arylation of amines at their unactivated β-C(sp)-H bond. Notably, the new strategy is applicable to secondary anilines and N-PMP-protected primary aliphatic amines of intermediate steric demands, which is in contrast to the existing strategies that involve either free-amine-directed C-H activation for highly sterically hindered secondary aliphatic amines or steric-controlled migrative cross-coupling for unhindered -Boc protected secondary aliphatic amines. Regioselectivity of the reaction is imposed by the electronic effects of transient imine intermediates rather than by the steric effects between specific starting materials and catalysts, thereby opening the uncharted scope of amines. In a broader sense, this study demonstrates new opportunities in dual relay catalysis involving hydrogen borrowing chemistry, previously explored in the functionalisation of alcohols, to execute otherwise challenging transformations for amines, commonly present in natural products, pharmaceuticals, biologically active molecules, and functional materials.
据报道,一种基于铑催化胺的可逆脱氢和钯催化瞬态亚胺的C-H官能化的双接力催化方案,能够实现胺在其未活化的β-C(sp)-H键处的区域选择性芳基化。值得注意的是,该新策略适用于中等空间需求的仲苯胺和N-PMP保护的伯脂肪胺,这与现有策略不同,现有策略要么涉及用于高度空间位阻仲脂肪胺的游离胺导向的C-H活化,要么涉及用于无阻碍的-Boc保护仲脂肪胺的空间控制迁移交叉偶联。反应的区域选择性是由瞬态亚胺中间体的电子效应决定的,而不是由特定起始原料和催化剂之间的空间效应决定的,从而开辟了胺的未知范围。从更广泛的意义上讲,这项研究展示了双接力催化中的新机会,该催化涉及氢转移化学,此前在醇的官能化中有所探索,以实现通常存在于天然产物、药物、生物活性分子和功能材料中的胺的其他具有挑战性的转化。