Xiang Meijuan, Peng Jianyun, Gui Zhihong, Jin Ju, Meng Jinling
Department of Nephrology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui People's Hospital, Lishui, P.R. China.
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
PLoS One. 2025 Feb 7;20(2):e0313398. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0313398. eCollection 2025.
Dietary niacin intake has a positive influence on several chronic diseases, while the impact of dietary niacin intake on prognosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains unknown. The study would explore the association between dietary niacin intake and all-cause mortality in CKD patients.
Data about 4,659 CKD patients in this retrospective cohort study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examinations Survey (NHANES). Dietary niacin intake data were acquired based on the 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Weighted univariate Cox regression models were utilized to select potential covariates. The association of dietary niacin intake with all-cause mortality was explored using weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression models. The results were presented as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
In total, 4,659 CKD patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 58.03 (0.42) years old, and 2,502 (58.45%) were female. During a mean follow-up of 73.92 (1.14) months, 1,325 (28.44%) CKD patients died. Compared to CKD patients with lower niacin intake ≤19mg, those with niacin intake >33 mg were associated with lower all-cause mortality risk (HR = 0.79, 95%CI: 0.64-0.98). The association also found in subgroups of age ≥65 years old (HR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.53-0.88), males (HR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.51-0.92), BMI <25 kg/m2 (HR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.39-0.99), smoking (HR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.49-0.94), dyslipidemia (HR = 0.71, 95%CI: 0.56-0.91), and non-hyperphosphatemia (HR = 0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.91).
Adequate dietary niacin intake was related to lower odds of all-cause mortality in CKD patients. Niacin supplements may have potential benefits for prognosis in CKD patients.
膳食烟酸摄入量对多种慢性疾病有积极影响，而膳食烟酸摄入量对慢性肾脏病（CKD）预后的影响尚不清楚。本研究将探讨CKD患者膳食烟酸摄入量与全因死亡率之间的关联。
本回顾性队列研究纳入了4659例CKD患者的数据，这些数据来自国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）。膳食烟酸摄入量数据通过24小时膳食回顾访谈获得。采用加权单因素Cox回归模型选择潜在的协变量。使用加权单因素和多因素Cox回归模型探讨膳食烟酸摄入量与全因死亡率的关联。结果以风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）表示。
本研究共纳入4659例CKD患者。患者的平均年龄为58.03（0.42）岁，女性有2502例（58.45%）。在平均73.92（1.14）个月的随访期间，1325例（28.44%）CKD患者死亡。与烟酸摄入量≤19mg的CKD患者相比，烟酸摄入量>33mg的患者全因死亡风险较低（HR = 0.79，95%CI：0.64-0.98）。在年龄≥65岁的亚组、男性、体重指数<25kg/m2、吸烟、血脂异常和非高磷血症患者中也发现了这种关联（HR分别为0.68，95%CI：0.53-0.88；HR = 0.68，95%CI：0.51-0.92；HR = 0.63，95%CI：0.39-0.99；HR = 0.68，95%CI：0.49-0.94；HR = 0.71，95%CI：0.56-0.91；HR = 0.73，95%CI：0.58-0.91）。
充足的膳食烟酸摄入量与CKD患者较低的全因死亡几率相关。烟酸补充剂可能对CKD患者的预后有潜在益处。
