You Jinshun, Xia Shujie
Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
The Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
Front Nutr. 2025 Jan 27;12:1518551. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1518551. eCollection 2025.
The comorbidity of metabolic syndrome (MS) and depressive symptoms has emerged as a growing public health concern, contributing to a substantial global economic burden. The pathogenesis of this comorbidity is thought to be closely linked to inflammation. However, research examining the impact of the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) on depressive symptoms in adults with MS remains limited. This study aims to investigate the association between the DII and depressive symptoms in adults with MS, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
This cross-sectional study included 7,553 participants aged 20 and older MS from six cycles of the NHANES (2007-2018). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire scores, and dietary information was gathered to calculate the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII). The association between DII scores and depressive symptoms in individuals with MS was evaluated through multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusting for relevant covariates. Subgroup analyses and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were performed to explore this relationship further.
Among the participants, 907 individuals (12.0%) were identified as having depressive symptoms. After adjusting for all covariates, a positive correlation was observed (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14). After adjusting for all covariates, a positive association was observed between DII scores and depressive symptoms (OR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.04-1.14). Individuals in the highest tertile of DII scores had significantly higher odds of depressive symptoms compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65). Subgroup analyses revealed that men were more likely to experience depressive symptoms among adults with MS. The RCS model revealed a nonlinear positive association between DII scores and depressive symptoms in these participants.
Our study indicates that the DII is positively correlated with an increased likelihood of depressive symptoms among adults with MS in the United States. These findings align with existing research and necessitate further validation through prospective cohort studies.
代谢综合征（MS）与抑郁症状的共病已成为日益严重的公共卫生问题，给全球带来了巨大的经济负担。这种共病的发病机制被认为与炎症密切相关。然而，关于饮食炎症指数（DII）对成年MS患者抑郁症状影响的研究仍然有限。本研究旨在利用美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的数据，探讨成年MS患者中DII与抑郁症状之间的关联。
这项横断面研究纳入了NHANES六个周期（2007 - 2018年）中7553名年龄在20岁及以上的MS患者。使用患者健康问卷评分评估抑郁症状，并收集饮食信息以计算饮食炎症指数（DII）。通过多变量逻辑回归分析评估MS患者中DII评分与抑郁症状之间的关联，并对相关协变量进行调整。进行亚组分析和限制性立方样条（RCS）分析以进一步探索这种关系。
在参与者中，907人（12.0%）被确定有抑郁症状。在调整所有协变量后，观察到正相关（OR = 1.09，95%CI：1.04 - 1.14）。在调整所有协变量后，观察到DII评分与抑郁症状之间存在正相关（OR = 1.09，95%CI：1.04 - 1.14）。DII评分最高三分位数的个体与最低三分位数的个体相比，出现抑郁症状的几率显著更高（OR = 1.36，95%CI：1.13 - 1.65）。亚组分析显示，在成年MS患者中男性更容易出现抑郁症状。RCS模型显示这些参与者中DII评分与抑郁症状之间存在非线性正相关。
我们的研究表明，在美国成年MS患者中，DII与抑郁症状发生可能性增加呈正相关。这些发现与现有研究一致，需要通过前瞻性队列研究进一步验证。
