Bæk Rikke, Sloth Jenni Kathrine, Hasan Mohammad Mehedi, Midekessa Getnet, Jørgensen Malene Møller
Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Research Department of Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Front Med Technol. 2025 Jan 27;7:1494239. doi: 10.3389/fmedt.2025.1494239. eCollection 2025.
This protocol paper describes how to extract small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from dried blood spots (DBS). The methodology is described in detail and offers further evidence that the extracted particles are sEVs using western blotting (anti-CD9, CD63 and CD81) and fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis (fNTA). In addition, we present evidence that approximately 40% of the sEVs were recovered from DBS compared with EVs analyzed from plasma directly. The protocol proves to be robust, reliable and displays very interesting performances even after several weeks (up to 3 weeks) of storage of the DBS when analyzing the sEVs using protein microarray for the presence of the markers CD9, CD63, CD81, EpCAM, Flotilin-1, CD62E/P, CD142 and CD235a. These findings have important implications for using sEVs as future potential diagnostic tools by supporting the validity of less-invasive methods that can be implemented within vulnerable populations or in the field.
本方案文件描述了如何从干血斑(DBS)中提取小细胞外囊泡(sEVs)。详细介绍了该方法,并通过蛋白质免疫印迹法(抗CD9、CD63和CD81)和荧光纳米颗粒跟踪分析(fNTA)进一步证明所提取的颗粒为sEVs。此外,我们还提供证据表明,与直接从血浆中分析的细胞外囊泡(EVs)相比,约40%的sEVs可从DBS中回收。当使用蛋白质微阵列分析sEVs中CD9、CD63、CD81、EpCAM、Flotilin-1、CD62E/P、CD142和CD235a等标志物的存在情况时,即使在DBS储存数周(长达3周)后,该方案仍被证明是稳健、可靠的,并且表现出非常有趣的性能。这些发现对于将sEVs用作未来潜在的诊断工具具有重要意义,因为它支持了可在弱势群体或现场实施的侵入性较小的方法的有效性。