Ronghang Ricky, Patle Ghanshyam Tikaram, Vashisht Ajay Kumar, Kusre Bharat Chandra, Jhajharia Deepak, Kumar Mukesh
College of Agricultural Engineering and Post Harvest Technology (Central Agricultural University), Gangtok, Sikkim, India.
Government College Bahadurgarh, Bahadurgarh, Haryana, India.
Water Environ Res. 2025 Feb;97(2):e70038. doi: 10.1002/wer.70038.
Understanding crop water requirements is critical for irrigation scheduling and cropping pattern decisions in any environment. Using the CROPWAT model, a study was conducted to estimate the irrigation requirement of major crops cultivated in the humid subtropical climate of Meghalaya from 2001 to 2022 and preparing irrigation scheduling plan for the current scenario. The results showed that the annual ET from 2001 to 2022 at the selected station was 876.7 mm. The lowest monthly ET (46.8 mm) was observed in December and the highest (94 mm) was observed in March. The results also indicated that the seasonal minimum and maximum CWR for rice, maize, ginger, mustard, and potato were 462.5 and 652.2 mm, 314.6 and 455.8 mm, 673.3 and 922.9 mm, 199.8 and 413.4 mm, and 341.5 and 465.3 mm, respectively. The minimum and maximum IR for rice, maize, ginger, mustard, and potato were 152.9 and 378.8 mm, 0 and 30.2 mm, 60.1 and 255.7 mm, 0 and 193 mm, and 0 and 170.8 mm, respectively. The net irrigation requirement (NIR) and gross irrigation requirement (GIR) were calculated using the scheduling option and 70% efficiency for the preparation of the irrigation schedule. For rice (transplant), the effective rainfall partially met its water needs, requiring supplemental irrigation. Maize, Cotton, and Jute relied entirely on effective rainfall, eliminating the need for irrigation. Ginger and Mustard needed both effective rainfall and additional irrigation. These findings delivered a comprehensive understanding of the location-specific water variations for crops in Meghalaya, vital for sustainable water resource management. PRACTITIONER POINTS: CWR are critical for irrigation scheduling and cropping pattern decisions. FAO CROPWAT model was used for crop planning and irrigation scheduling. The net irrigation requirement and gross irrigation requirement for hilly watershed Comprehensive understanding of the location-specific water variations for crops The irrigation needs vary among different crops based on efficiency % and depletion %.
了解作物需水量对于任何环境下的灌溉调度和种植模式决策都至关重要。利用CROPWAT模型，开展了一项研究，以估算2001年至2022年在梅加拉亚邦湿润亚热带气候下种植的主要作物的灌溉需求，并为当前情景制定灌溉调度计划。结果表明，2001年至2022年选定站点的年蒸发散量为876.7毫米。12月观测到最低月蒸发散量（46.8毫米），3月观测到最高月蒸发散量（94毫米）。结果还表明，水稻、玉米、生姜、芥菜和马铃薯的季节性最低和最高作物需水量分别为462.5和652.2毫米、314.6和455.8毫米、673.3和922.9毫米、199.8和413.4毫米以及341.5和465.3毫米。水稻、玉米、生姜、芥菜和马铃薯的最低和最高灌溉需求分别为152.9和378.8毫米、0和30.2毫米、60.1和255.7毫米、0和193毫米以及0和170.8毫米。利用调度选项并以70%的效率计算净灌溉需求（NIR）和毛灌溉需求（GIR），以制定灌溉计划。对于水稻（移栽），有效降雨部分满足了其水分需求，需要补充灌溉。玉米、棉花和黄麻完全依赖有效降雨，无需灌溉。生姜和芥菜既需要有效降雨，也需要额外灌溉。这些发现全面了解了梅加拉亚邦特定地点作物的水分变化情况，这对于可持续水资源管理至关重要。从业者要点：作物需水量对于灌溉调度和种植模式决策至关重要。粮农组织CROPWAT模型用于作物规划和灌溉调度。丘陵流域的净灌溉需求和毛灌溉需求全面了解特定地点作物的水分变化不同作物的灌溉需求因效率百分比和亏缺百分比而异。
