Kłos Andrzej, Wierzba Sławomir, Piechaczek-Wereszczyńska Magdalena, Matik Kacper, Głowacki Mariusz, Płotka Maciej, Gawdzik Alicja, Wiatkowski Mirosław, Dołhańczuk-Śródka Agnieszka, Ziembik Zbigniew
Institute of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Opole, Kard. B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland.
Purolite Sp. Z.o.o., Janka Wiśniewskiego 20, 81-969, Gdynia, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 11;15(1):5088. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89365-7.
This article presents the findings of fundamental research designed to assess the viability of utilising a range of sorbents to determine whether preset concentration thresholds for specific heavy metals - namely nickel, zinc, cadmium, and lead - have been exceeded in prepared aqueous solutions. The biosorbents employed in the study were mosses, lichens and algae, modified zeolites, and synthetic cationites. It was demonstrated that a state of heterophasic ion exchange equilibrium was attained following an exposure period of approximately two hours. Of the heavy metal sorbents tested, synthetic cationites were found to exhibit the most favourable sorption properties. Furthermore, the sorption processes of heavy metal cations by synthetic cationites were found to be influenced by the pH and salinity of the solution. No significant changes were observed in the pH range of 4.0 to 8.0. A reduction in heavy metal sorption of up to 25% was observed in solutions with conductivity ranging from 300 to 1500 μS cm, and up to 15% in solutions with conductivity between 300 and 800 μS cm. The results presented here indicate that, with relatively stable water salinity levels, it is possible to detect exceedances of permissible heavy metal concentrations in surface waters on the basis of an analysis of metal concentrations in synthetic cationites exposed in water.
本文介绍了一项基础研究的结果，该研究旨在评估利用一系列吸附剂来确定特定重金属（即镍、锌、镉和铅）在配制水溶液中是否超过预设浓度阈值的可行性。该研究中使用的生物吸附剂有苔藓、地衣和藻类、改性沸石以及合成阳离子交换剂。结果表明，在约两小时的暴露期后达到了异相离子交换平衡状态。在所测试的重金属吸附剂中，合成阳离子交换剂表现出最有利的吸附特性。此外，发现合成阳离子交换剂对重金属阳离子的吸附过程受溶液的pH值和盐度影响。在4.0至8.0的pH范围内未观察到显著变化。在电导率为300至1500 μS/cm的溶液中，重金属吸附量降低了25%，在电导率为300至800 μS/cm的溶液中降低了15%。此处给出的结果表明，在水盐度水平相对稳定的情况下，基于对水中暴露的合成阳离子交换剂中金属浓度的分析，有可能检测地表水重金属浓度是否超过允许值。
