Kelbaek H, Skagen K, Godtfredsen J
Acta Med Scand. 1985;217(3):289-92. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1985.tb02697.x.
Fourteen patients with pericardial effusion of various origins underwent pericardiocentesis on 16 occasions. Incipient cardiac tamponade was present on 19 occasions in 12 patients. Pericardiocentesis was carried out bedside under sterile conditions by a trained cardiologist. In case of impaired central circulation, drainage was sufficient to stabilize the clinical condition haemodynamically, and no adverse events occurred during pericardiocentesis. Fenestration of the parietal pericardium was necessary in 5 patients because of rapid regeneration of the fluid and in one patient due to pyopericardium with cardiac constriction. Pericardiocentesis is recommended in incipient cardiac tamponade. In the hands of experienced cardiologists the drainage procedure can be carried out safely without sophisticated equipment.
14例不同病因所致心包积液患者接受了16次心包穿刺术。12例患者有19次出现早期心脏压塞。心包穿刺术由训练有素的心脏病专家在无菌条件下于床边进行。对于中心循环功能受损的患者，引流足以在血流动力学上稳定临床状况，且心包穿刺术期间未发生不良事件。5例患者因液体快速再生、1例患者因脓性心包炎伴心脏缩窄而需要进行心包壁层开窗术。对于早期心脏压塞，建议进行心包穿刺术。在经验丰富的心脏病专家手中，无需复杂设备即可安全地进行引流操作。
