Augusto Janaína Aparecida de Oliveira, Ferreira Thalita Francielli Lopes, Arduini Rodrigo Genaro, Bastos Talita Meneses de Almeida, Campanha Nádia Santana Pereira, Fornasari Rita de Cássia Coutinho Vieira, Stella Patrícia Regina Flaviano, Simão Adriana Nobre de Paula, de Moraes Joyce Nelly Leal, Ciasca Sylvia Maria
Laboratory for Research in Learning Disabilities and Difficulties, and Attention Deficit Disorder (DISAPRE), Medical Sciences Faculty (FCM), Neurology Department, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jan 28;16:1363536. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1363536. eCollection 2025.
Specialized public services for attending children and adolescents with complaints of scholar difficulties are scarce in Brazil. It is important to recognize this target population and understand its demands, so these facilities may be able to meet their needs and offer qualified and effective services. The main objective of this study was to characterize the profile of neuropediatric patients cared for in a reference outpatient facility in Brazil.
Data were extracted from children's and adolescent's records, corresponding to assessments carried out between March 2017 to March 2023.
From 220 selected records, 70% had complaints related to learning difficulties and 79.1% to attention disorders. The most frequent diagnoses were attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (30%), intellectual deficiency (19.1%), and learning-specific disorder (17.7%). A significant association with scholarship was found between motor agitation [χ(9) = 29.8; < 0.001], behavioral complaints [χ(9) = 16.2; = 0.050], and language difficulties [χ(9) = 17.0; = 0.043]. Results have indicated significant differences relating to diagnosis and gender: boys had a higher prevalence for dyslexia [χ(1) = 4.44; = 0.035], intellectual deficiency [χ(1) = 8.38; = 0.004], and autism spectrum disorder [χ(1) = 9.29; = 0.002], when compared to girls.
These results corroborate international findings over complaints regarding learning difficulties and correlated disturbances, in addition to the existing comorbidities between different diagnoses related to neurodevelopment and scholar acquisitions.
在巴西，针对有学习困难主诉的儿童和青少年的专业公共服务稀缺。认识这一目标人群并了解其需求很重要，这样这些机构才能满足他们的需求并提供优质有效的服务。本研究的主要目的是描述在巴西一家参考门诊机构接受治疗的神经儿科患者的特征。
数据从儿童和青少年记录中提取，对应2017年3月至2023年3月期间进行的评估。
在220份选定记录中，70%有与学习困难相关的主诉，79.1%有注意力障碍相关主诉。最常见的诊断是注意力缺陷/多动障碍（30%）、智力缺陷（19.1%）和特定学习障碍（17.7%）。发现运动躁动[χ(9) = 29.8；P< 0.001]、行为主诉[χ(9) = 16.2；P = 0.050]和语言困难[χ(9) = 17.0；P = 0.043]与学业成绩有显著关联。结果表明在诊断和性别方面存在显著差异：与女孩相比，男孩在诵读困难[χ(1) = 4.44；P = 0.035]、智力缺陷[χ(1) = 8.38；P = 0.004]和自闭症谱系障碍[χ(1) = 9.29；P = 0.002]方面的患病率更高。
这些结果证实了国际上关于学习困难及相关障碍主诉的研究结果，以及与神经发育和学业获得相关的不同诊断之间现有的共病情况。
