Keshari Roshan, Dewani Mahima, Kaur Navneet, Patel Girijesh Kumar, Singh Sumit Kumar, Chandra Pranjal, Prasad Rajendra, Srivastava Rohit
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India.
Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States.
Bioconjug Chem. 2025 Mar 19;36(3):347-366. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5c00007. Epub 2025 Feb 12.
Brain tumors, particularly glioblastomas, represent the most complicated cancers to treat and manage due to their highly invasive nature and the protective barriers of the brain, including the blood-brain barrier (BBB). The efficacy of currently available treatments, viz., radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are frequently limited by major side effects, drug resistance, and restricted drug penetration into the brain. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as a promising and targeted delivery system for brain tumors. Lipid nanocarriers have gained tremendous attention for brain tumor therapeutics due to multiple drug encapsulation abilities, controlled release, better biocompatibility, and ability to cross the BBB. Herein, a detailed analysis of the design, mechanisms, and therapeutic benefits of LNPs in brain tumor treatment is discussed. Moreover, we also discuss the safety issues and clinical developments of LNPs and their current and future challenges. Further, we also focused on the clinical transformation of LNPs in brain tumor therapy by eliminating side effects and engineering the LNPs to overcome the related biological barriers, which provide personalized, affordable, and low-risk treatment options.
脑肿瘤，尤其是胶质母细胞瘤，由于其高度侵袭性以及包括血脑屏障（BBB）在内的大脑保护屏障，是最难治疗和管理的癌症。目前可用的治疗方法，即放疗、化疗和免疫疗法，其疗效常常受到严重副作用、耐药性以及药物进入大脑受限的限制。脂质纳米颗粒（LNP）已成为一种有前景的脑肿瘤靶向递送系统。脂质纳米载体因其具有多种药物包封能力、控释、更好的生物相容性以及穿越血脑屏障的能力，在脑肿瘤治疗中受到了极大关注。本文讨论了LNP在脑肿瘤治疗中的设计、作用机制和治疗益处的详细分析。此外，我们还讨论了LNP的安全性问题、临床进展以及它们当前和未来面临的挑战。此外，我们还专注于通过消除副作用和对LNP进行工程改造以克服相关生物屏障来实现LNP在脑肿瘤治疗中的临床转化，从而提供个性化、经济实惠且低风险的治疗选择。
