Zochowska-Sobaniec Milena, Jarocka-Cyrta Elzbieta, Lotowska Joanna Maria, Sobaniec Piotr
Department of Paediatric Neurology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Developmental Age Medicine and Paediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jan 23;14(3):725. doi: 10.3390/jcm14030725.
Celiac disease (CeD), also known as gluten enteropathy, is an immune-mediated inflammatory enteropathy triggered by intolerance to gluten. It presents with a spectrum of symptoms, including both gastrointestinal and extraintestinal manifestations, as well as neurological symptoms. A review of the literature indicates that 10-22% of patients with CeD present with neurological symptoms. The objective of this study is to assess the influence of a gluten-free diet (GFD) on brain bioelectrical activity and neurological symptoms in children with CeD. The study was conducted using a multidisciplinary approach, encompassing a comprehensive array of clinical data gathered alongside laboratory test results, questionnaires, and electroencephalogram (EEG) assessments. The study population included 85 children: 18 newly diagnosed cases of CeD patients (NDC), subsequently reassessed after 6 months on a GFD as a celiac disease on diet (CDD); 27 CeD patients on a GFD for over 12 months (CDD2); and 40 healthy individuals in the comparison group (CG). It was observed that over half of the NDC group exhibited neurological symptoms, particularly headaches. Following a six-month period on a GFD, there was a notable reduction in symptom severity. In comparison to the CG, the NDC patient group exhibited a higher prevalence of abnormalities in EEG recordings ( = 0.032), including focal sharp waves or slow waves. The results demonstrate that a GFD has a positive impact on the neurological condition of children with CeD. The clinical improvements correspond with EEG normalization, which supports the hypothesis that dietary intervention plays a role in mitigating CeD-associated neurological dysfunction.
乳糜泻（CeD），也称为麸质肠病，是一种由麸质不耐受引发的免疫介导性炎症性肠病。它表现出一系列症状，包括胃肠道和肠外表现以及神经症状。文献综述表明，10%至22%的CeD患者有神经症状。本研究的目的是评估无麸质饮食（GFD）对CeD儿童脑生物电活动和神经症状的影响。该研究采用多学科方法进行，包括收集一系列综合临床数据以及实验室检测结果、问卷和脑电图（EEG）评估。研究人群包括85名儿童：18例新诊断的CeD患者（NDC），在采用GFD饮食6个月后作为饮食控制的乳糜泻患者（CDD）进行重新评估；27例采用GFD饮食超过12个月的CeD患者（CDD2）；以及40名健康个体作为对照组（CG）。观察到超过一半的NDC组出现神经症状，尤其是头痛。在采用GFD饮食六个月后，症状严重程度显著降低。与CG相比，NDC患者组脑电图记录异常的患病率更高（=0.032），包括局灶性尖波或慢波。结果表明，GFD对CeD儿童的神经状况有积极影响。临床改善与脑电图正常化相对应，这支持了饮食干预在减轻CeD相关神经功能障碍中起作用的假设。
