Ouyang Lingyu, Campler Magnus R, Wong Sandy, Xiao Ningchuan, Arruda Andréia G
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jan 30;15(3):396. doi: 10.3390/ani15030396.
(ORT) and (PM) are two major bacterial pathogens affecting the United States (US) commercial turkey industry. This retrospective observational case-case study aimed to investigate the association between land cover and confirmed disease occurrences attributed to PM or ORT in commercial turkey sites located in the Midwestern US A total of 65 farms from one poultry production company were included, where 28 had PM disease occurrences and 37 had ORT disease occurrences between 2014 and 2021. Risk factors of interest included land cover types (wetlands, forest, urban, pasture, herbaceous, barren, shrub), poultry-farm density in the area, and season and year of confirmed outbreak(s). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that for every 1 m increase in distance from a farm to the nearest wetland, the odds of a confirmed disease occurrence related to PM decreased by approximately 0.24% compared to an ORT-related disease occurrence ( = 0.004). Meanwhile, PM occurrence during 2014-2017 was 98.5% higher than 2018-2019 and 93.2% higher than in 2020-2021. Broadly, the findings contribute to the dearth of research on land cover and turkey respiratory diseases and demonstrate that land cover is an important consideration for farm management and future study.
禽呼肠孤病毒（ORT）和多杀性巴氏杆菌（PM）是影响美国商业火鸡产业的两种主要细菌病原体。这项回顾性观察性病例对照研究旨在调查美国中西部商业火鸡养殖场的土地覆盖与确诊的由PM或ORT引起的疾病发生之间的关联。研究纳入了一家家禽生产公司的65个农场，其中28个农场在2014年至2021年间发生了PM疾病，37个农场发生了ORT疾病。感兴趣的风险因素包括土地覆盖类型（湿地、森林、城市、牧场、草本、荒地、灌木）、该地区的家禽养殖场密度以及确诊疫情的季节和年份。多变量逻辑回归模型显示，与ORT相关疾病发生相比，农场到最近湿地的距离每增加1米，确诊的与PM相关疾病发生的几率降低约0.24%（P = 0.004）。同时，2014 - 2017年期间PM的发生率比2018 - 2019年高98.5%，比2020 - 2021年高93.2%。总体而言，这些发现弥补了土地覆盖与火鸡呼吸道疾病研究的不足，并表明土地覆盖是农场管理和未来研究的重要考虑因素。
