Sattar Hafiza Zunera Abdul, Ghafoor Huma, Koo Insoo
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (SEECS), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 77024, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jan 24;25(3):696. doi: 10.3390/s25030696.
Establishing a safe and stable routing path for a source-destination pair is necessary regardless of the weather conditions. The reason for this is that vehicles can improve safety on the road by exchanging messages and updating each other on the current conditions of both roads and vehicles. This paper intends to solve the problem of when foggy roads make it difficult for drivers to travel, especially when people encounter emergency situations and have no other option but to drive in foggy weather. Although the literature offers few solutions to the problem, no one has considered integrating software-defined networking into vehicular networks for foggy roads to create an optimal routing path. Moreover, it is of significance to mention that vehicles in adverse weather conditions travel following each other and maintaining a constant safety distance, which leads to the formation of a platoon. Considering this, we propose a heterogeneous communication protocol in a software-defined vehicular network to establish an optimal routing path using platoons on foggy highways. Different cases were tested to show how platoons behave in high connectivity and sparsity, achieving a maximum delivery ratio of 99%, a delay of 2 ms, an overhead of 55%, and an acceptable number of hops compared to reference schemes.
无论天气状况如何，为源 - 目的节点对建立一条安全稳定的路由路径都是必要的。其原因在于车辆可以通过交换信息并相互更新道路和车辆的当前状况来提高道路安全性。本文旨在解决在雾天道路使驾驶员出行困难的问题，特别是当人们遇到紧急情况且别无选择只能在雾天驾驶时。尽管文献中针对该问题提供的解决方案很少，但没有人考虑将软件定义网络集成到雾天道路的车载网络中以创建最优路由路径。此外，值得一提的是，车辆在恶劣天气条件下相互跟随并保持恒定的安全距离，这会导致形成一个车队。考虑到这一点，我们在软件定义车载网络中提出一种异构通信协议，以利用雾天高速公路上的车队建立最优路由路径。测试了不同情况以展示车队在高连通性和稀疏性下的行为，与参考方案相比，实现了99%的最大交付率、2毫秒的延迟、55%的开销以及可接受的跳数。
