Shao Chenyi, Chen Shenmin, Yang Huan, Li Mufan, Liu Yinhui, Wen Shu, Xiao Jing, Tang Li
Department of Microecology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Front Microbiol. 2025 Jan 29;16:1507396. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2025.1507396. eCollection 2025.
Gut microbiota contributes to human health. Little is known about the self-resilience of the gut microbiota after dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the self-resilience of the gut microbiome at different ages and the effects of diet on its recovery capacity in adulthood.
A rodent model of antibiotic-induced dysbiosis was used. Microscopy was used to observe morphological changes in the mucosa. In addition, 16S rRNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis were performed to identify the bacterial taxa and microbiome structure, respectively.
The diversity of the gut microbiota in infant mice was recovered by the sixth week, while relative abundance of was low and did not return to normal levels. Gut microbiota in young adult mice recovered in the fourth week. Prevotellaceae and were significantly higher in the high-fat-diet group than those in the control group. The elderly mice had three, two, four, and seven statistically different genera between the dysbiosis and control groups at weeks 6, 8, 10, and 12, respectively. Intestinal epithelial structure and cecum index are restored with microbiota repaired.
The gut microbiota in infant and adult mice is more capable of self- resilience, the composition of the microbiota and mucosal morphology of the intestine can be largely restored. Adding protein and fat to the diet accelerated colony recovery in young adult mice in the short term. In elderly mice, the resilience of the gut microbiota was reduced, and the occurrence of dysbiosis at this stage may accelerate organismal aging and affect the lifespan. A limitation of this study is that all data were derived from mice. Therefore, we must be cautious about translating the microbiome results from mice to humans.
肠道微生物群对人类健康有重要作用。目前对于肠道微生物群失调后自身恢复能力的了解较少。本研究旨在探讨不同年龄阶段肠道微生物群的自我恢复能力以及饮食对成年期其恢复能力的影响。
采用抗生素诱导的肠道微生物群失调啮齿动物模型。利用显微镜观察黏膜的形态变化。此外，分别进行16S rRNA测序和聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳来鉴定细菌分类群和微生物群结构。
幼鼠肠道微生物群的多样性在第6周恢复，而[此处原文缺失具体细菌名称]的相对丰度较低且未恢复到正常水平。年轻成年小鼠的肠道微生物群在第4周恢复。高脂饮食组中普雷沃氏菌科和[此处原文缺失具体细菌名称]的含量显著高于对照组。老年小鼠在第6、8、10和12周时，失调组与对照组之间分别有3、2、4和7个属存在统计学差异。随着微生物群的修复，肠道上皮结构和盲肠指数得以恢复。
幼鼠和成年小鼠的肠道微生物群具有更强的自我恢复能力，微生物群的组成和肠道黏膜形态能够在很大程度上恢复。在饮食中添加蛋白质和脂肪可在短期内加速年轻成年小鼠菌落的恢复。在老年小鼠中，肠道微生物群的恢复能力下降，此阶段失调的发生可能会加速机体衰老并影响寿命。本研究的一个局限性在于所有数据均来源于小鼠。因此，在将小鼠的微生物群研究结果外推至人类时必须谨慎。
