Han Fulei, Liu Bixuan, Wang Ligang, Zhu Shuai, Li Xiaohui, Kang Shan, Niu Xiao, Song Jinlian, Wu Yili
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China; Department of Birth Defects Prevention and Information Management, Qingdao Maternal & Child Health and Family Planning Service Center, Qingdao, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Public Health College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
J Adolesc Health. 2025 May;76(5):905-913. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.12.015. Epub 2025 Feb 11.
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a growing public health crisis. However, no study to date has systematically evaluated the burden of OUD among adolescents and young adults (AYAs). We aimed to report the global level and trends of OUD burden among AYAs.
Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019, which was conducted from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries. AYAs were defined as individuals aged 15-39 years, and the study period was 1990-2019. The burden of OUD was evaluated in terms of case numbers and age-standardized rates per 100,000 population.
In 2019, there were 2,396,734 incident cases, 14,502,031 prevalent cases, 43,447 deaths, and 8,651,931 disability-adjusted life years of OUD among AYAs globally. High-income North America had the greatest regional burden, with the United States having the highest burden nationally. From 1990 to 2019, age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), age-standardized prevalence rate, age-standardized mortality rate, and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) showed upward trends, with average annual percentage change of 0.62, 0.81, 1.55, and 1.01, respectively. Despite the burden of OUD was higher in males than in females, the increment in ASIR was greater in females than in males after 2014. Nationally, OUD burden showed increasing trends in ASIR, age-standardized prevalence rate, and ASDR across 150+ countries, with the United States experiencing the greatest increase in age-standardized mortality rate and ASDR. Meanwhile, there was a positive correlation between sociodemographic index and OUD burden, with higher sociodemographic index associated with a higher burden of OUD in 2019.
OUD in AYAs is a major global public health issue, and the burden of OUD is increasing. This alarming trend underscores the urgent need for comprehensive prevention strategies, targeted interventions, and effective treatment options tailored to younger populations.
阿片类物质使用障碍（OUD）是一个日益严重的公共卫生危机。然而，迄今为止尚无研究系统评估青少年和青年成年人（AYAs）中OUD的负担情况。我们旨在报告全球范围内AYAs中OUD负担的水平和趋势。
数据来自2019年全球疾病负担研究，该研究于1990年至2019年在204个国家开展。AYAs定义为年龄在15 - 39岁的个体，研究时间段为1990 - 2019年。OUD的负担依据病例数和每10万人口的年龄标准化率进行评估。
2019年，全球AYAs中OUD的新发病例有2396734例，现患病例有14502031例，死亡43447例，伤残调整生命年为8651931年。高收入的北美地区负担最重，美国在各国中负担最高。1990年至2019年，年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）、年龄标准化患病率、年龄标准化死亡率和年龄标准化伤残调整生命年率（ASDR）呈上升趋势，平均年变化百分比分别为0.62、0.81、1.55和1.01。尽管男性的OUD负担高于女性，但2014年后女性的ASIR增幅大于男性。在各国中，150多个国家的OUD负担在ASIR、年龄标准化患病率和ASDR方面呈上升趋势，美国的年龄标准化死亡率和ASDR增幅最大。同时，社会人口学指数与OUD负担呈正相关，2019年社会人口学指数越高，OUD负担越高。
AYAs中的OUD是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题，且OUD负担正在增加。这一惊人趋势凸显了迫切需要制定全面的预防策略、针对性干预措施以及针对年轻人群的有效治疗方案。
