Calangiu Ioana, Kollmorgen Sepp, Reppas John, Mante Valerio
Institute of Neuroinformatics and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Institute of Neuroinformatics and Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Cell Rep. 2025 Feb 25;44(2):115289. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115289. Epub 2025 Feb 12.
The dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) contributes to flexible, goal-directed behaviors. However, a coherent picture of dlPFC function is lacking, as its activity is often studied only in relation to a few events within a fully learned behavioral task. Here we obtain a comprehensive description of dlPFC activity across different task epochs, saccade types, tasks, and learning stages. We consistently observe the strongest modulation of neural activity in relation to a retrospective representation of the most recent saccade. Prospective, planning-like activity is limited to task-related, delayed saccades directly eligible for a reward. The link between prospective and retrospective representations is highly structured, potentially reflecting a hard-wired feature of saccade responses. Only prospective representations are modulated by the recent behavioral history, but neither representation is modulated by day-to-day behavioral improvements. The dlPFC thus combines tightly linked flexible and rigid representations with a dominant contribution from retrospective signals maintaining the memory of past actions.
背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）有助于灵活的、目标导向行为。然而，目前尚缺乏关于dlPFC功能的连贯图景，因为其活动通常仅在完全习得的行为任务中的少数事件背景下进行研究。在此，我们对dlPFC在不同任务阶段、扫视类型、任务及学习阶段的活动进行了全面描述。我们始终观察到，与最近一次扫视的回顾性表征相关的神经活动调制最为强烈。前瞻性的、类似规划的活动仅限于与任务相关的、直接有奖励资格的延迟扫视。前瞻性和回顾性表征之间的联系高度结构化，可能反映了扫视反应的一种固有特征。只有前瞻性表征受近期行为历史的调制，但两种表征均不受日常行为改善的调制。因此，dlPFC将紧密相连的灵活和刚性表征与来自回顾性信号的主要贡献相结合，以维持对过去行动的记忆。
