Sammut Mitchell J, Thorne Benjamin R, Melling C W James
School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2025 Mar;33(3):435-451. doi: 10.1002/oby.24223. Epub 2025 Feb 13.
As the prevalence of obesity and metabolic disease continues to climb, the need for effective therapeutic interventions remains high. The growth of skeletal muscle (SkM) greatly influences systemic metabolism across the whole body, making this tissue an important therapeutic target to combat the rise of metabolic dysfunction. Transgenic rodent models of targeted SkM growth exhibit profound improvements in various remote tissues, including adipose tissue and the liver. It is currently unclear how selective stimulation of SkM growth alters the metabolism of distant tissues; however, evidence suggests that muscle-secreted factors may be involved. Here, we aim to provide basic biomedical researchers with a summary of the current knowledge regarding various muscle-secreted factors regulated by anabolic pathways and proteins in SkM, as well as their systemic metabolic effects, to implicate them in the whole-body metabolic effects of SkM growth. In this review, we also identify several knowledge gaps in this field, future directions of investigation, and implications for therapeutic interventions such as resistance exercise and pharmacology.
随着肥胖和代谢性疾病的患病率持续攀升，对有效治疗干预措施的需求仍然很高。骨骼肌（SkM）的生长对全身的系统代谢有很大影响，使该组织成为对抗代谢功能障碍增加的重要治疗靶点。靶向SkM生长的转基因啮齿动物模型在包括脂肪组织和肝脏在内的各种远端组织中表现出显著改善。目前尚不清楚SkM生长的选择性刺激如何改变远处组织的代谢；然而，有证据表明肌肉分泌因子可能参与其中。在这里，我们旨在为基础生物医学研究人员提供有关SkM中由合成代谢途径和蛋白质调节的各种肌肉分泌因子的现有知识总结，以及它们的全身代谢作用，以将它们与SkM生长的全身代谢作用联系起来。在这篇综述中，我们还确定了该领域的几个知识空白、未来的研究方向以及对诸如抗阻运动和药理学等治疗干预措施的影响。
