Belay Mahider Awoke, Bogale Eyob Ketema, Haile Mitiku Tefera, Bogale Solomon Ketema, Getachew Eyob, Andarge Getnet Alemu, Seid Kedir, Lakew Gebeyehu, Yirsaw Amlaku Nigusie, Gebreegziabher Zenebe Abebe, Semagn Birhan Ewunu, Alemu Ayenew Takele
Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
Departments of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 30;12:1417289. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1417289. eCollection 2024.
The double burden of malnutrition (DBM) at the household level has increased in sub-Saharan African countries as a result of rapid changes in global food systems and growing urbanization. The presence of overweight or obese mothers with undernourished (stunted, wasted, or underweight) children within the same household holds particular significance. However, no comprehensive study or meta-analysis has been conducted to summarize the national evidence of the double burden of malnutrition in mother-child pairs. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition at the household level in Ethiopia in 2024.
This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted on the prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition and associated factors among households in Ethiopia, using an advanced search of electronic databases and search engines. The standardized Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) method was used to extract data from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and evaluate the quality of each article. The analysis was performed using STATA V.17. A random-effects model was used to conduct the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I and Q tests.
A total of seven publications met the inclusion criteria, including data from 56,877 and 43,770 mother-child pairs for the systematic review and meta-analysis, respectively. The pooled prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition among the mother-child pairs was 8.30% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.51, 15.09). The heterogeneity test revealed extremely high heterogeneity (I = 99.91%; = 0.00). In the subgroup analysis based on sample size, the pooled estimated prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition was high for a sample size of fewer than 1,000 mother-child pairs (11.69% (95% CI: 3.11, 20.28)). The pooled estimate from the subgroup analysis of the data collected 8 years ago was 8.61% (95% CI: 1.11, 22.33). Residence, household size, housing quality, wealth index, household food security status, mother's age and educational status, and child's age are some of the factors that influence the double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs.
In Ethiopia, the double burden of malnutrition among mother-child pairs is rapidly emerging. As a result, double-duty interventions should be implemented to address this issue, taking into account multiple factors at the household level.
The protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis was registered under the registration ID CRD42024517778 with the PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Review and Meta-analysis).
由于全球粮食系统的迅速变化和城市化进程的加快，撒哈拉以南非洲国家家庭层面的营养不良双重负担有所增加。同一家庭中存在超重或肥胖的母亲以及营养不良（发育迟缓、消瘦或体重不足）的儿童具有特殊意义。然而，尚未进行全面的研究或荟萃分析来总结母婴对营养不良双重负担的国家证据。因此，本研究的目的是确定2024年埃塞俄比亚家庭层面营养不良双重负担的合并患病率。
本系统评价和荟萃分析针对埃塞俄比亚家庭中营养不良双重负担的患病率及相关因素展开，采用对电子数据库和搜索引擎的高级检索。运用标准化的乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）方法从Microsoft Excel电子表格中提取数据，并评估每篇文章的质量。分析使用STATA V.17进行。采用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析。使用I和Q检验评估异质性。
共有七篇出版物符合纳入标准，系统评价和荟萃分析分别纳入了来自56,877对和43,770对母婴的数据。母婴对中营养不良双重负担的合并患病率为8.30%（95%置信区间（CI）：1.51，15.09）。异质性检验显示异质性极高（I = 99.91%；P = 0.00）。在基于样本量的亚组分析中，样本量少于1000对母婴的情况下，营养不良双重负担的合并估计患病率较高（11.69%（95%CI：3.11，20.28））。对8年前收集的数据进行亚组分析的合并估计值为8.61%（95%CI：1.11，22.33）。居住状况、家庭规模、住房质量、财富指数、家庭粮食安全状况、母亲的年龄和教育状况以及孩子的年龄是影响母婴对营养不良双重负担的一些因素。
在埃塞俄比亚，母婴对中营养不良的双重负担正在迅速显现。因此，应实施双重职责干预措施来解决这一问题，同时考虑家庭层面的多个因素。
该系统评价和荟萃分析的方案已在PROSPERO（国际系统评价和荟萃分析前瞻性注册库）以注册号CRD42024517778注册。
