Tarekegn Bethelihem Tigabu, Assimamaw Nega Tezera, Atalell Kendalem Asmare, Kassa Selam Fisiha, Muhye Addis Bilal, Techane Masresha Asmare, Alemu Tewodros Getaneh, Wubneh Chalachew Adugna, Belay Getaneh Mulualem, Tamir Tadesse Tarik, Kassie Destaye Guadie, Wondim Amare, Terefe Bewuketu, Ali Mohammed Seid, Fentie Beletech, Gonete Almaz Tefera, Tekeba Berhan, Desta Bogale Kassahun, Dessie Melkamu Tilahun, Ayele Amare Demsie
Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
School of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Nutr. 2022 Apr 21;8(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s40795-022-00528-5.
Evidence on double and triple burdens of malnutrition at household level among child-mother pairs is a key towards addressing the problem of malnutrition. In Ethiopia, studies on double and triple burdens of malnutrition are scarce. Even though there is a study on double burden of malnutrition at national level in Ethiopia, it doesn't assess the triple burdens at all and a few forms of double burden of malnutrition. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.
A total sample of 7,624 child-mother pairs from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 were included in the study. All analysis were performed considering complex sampling design. Anthropometric measures and hemoglobin levels of children, as well as anthropometric measurements of their mothers, were used to calculate double burden of malnutrition (DBM) and triple burden of malnutrition (TBM). Spatial analysis was applied to detect geographic variation of prevalence of double and triple burdens of malnutrition among EDHS 2016 clusters. Bivariable and multivariable binary survey logistic regression models were used to assess the factors associated with DBM and TBM.
The overall weighted prevalence of DBM and TBM respectively were 1.8% (95%CI: 1.38-2.24) and 1.2% (95%CI: 0.83-1.57) among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Significant clusters of high prevalence of DBM and TBM were identified. In the adjusted multivariable binary survey logistic regression models, middle household economic status [AOR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06, 0.89] as compared to the poor, average birth weight [AOR = 0.26, 95%CI: 0.09, 0.80] as compared to large birth weight and children aged 24-35 months [AOR = 0.19, 95%CI: 0.04,0.95] as compared to 6-12 months were less likely to experience DBM. Average birth weight [AOR = 0.20, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.91] as compared to large birth weight and time to water source <=30 min [AOR = 0.41, 95%CI: 0.19,0.89] as compared to on premise were less likely to experience TBM.
There is low prevalence of DBM and TBM among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia. Interventions tailored on geographic areas, wealth index, birth weight and child birth could help to control the emerging DBM and TBM at household level among child-mother pairs in Ethiopia.
母婴对家庭层面营养不良双重和三重负担的证据是解决营养不良问题的关键。在埃塞俄比亚，关于营养不良双重和三重负担的研究很少。尽管埃塞俄比亚有一项关于国家层面营养不良双重负担的研究，但它根本没有评估三重负担以及几种形式的营养不良双重负担。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚母婴对中营养不良双重和三重负担的患病率及相关因素。
本研究纳入了2016年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS）中的7624对母婴对作为总样本。所有分析均考虑复杂抽样设计。使用儿童的人体测量指标和血红蛋白水平以及其母亲的人体测量指标来计算营养不良双重负担（DBM）和营养不良三重负担（TBM）。应用空间分析来检测2016年EDHS各群组中营养不良双重和三重负担患病率的地理差异。使用双变量和多变量二元调查逻辑回归模型来评估与DBM和TBM相关的因素。
埃塞俄比亚母婴对中DBM和TBM的总体加权患病率分别为1.8%（95%CI：1.38 - 2.24）和1.2%（95%CI：0.83 - 1.57）。确定了DBM和TBM高患病率的显著群组。在调整后的多变量二元调查逻辑回归模型中，与贫困家庭相比，中等家庭经济状况[AOR = 0.23，95%CI：0.06，0.89]、与出生体重较大的儿童相比平均出生体重[AOR = 0.26，95%CI：0.09，0.80]以及与6 - 12个月的儿童相比24 - 35个月的儿童[AOR = 0.19，95%CI：0.04，0.95]经历DBM的可能性较小。与出生体重较大的儿童相比平均出生体重[AOR = 0.20，95%CI：0.05，0.91]以及与在房屋内取水相比取水时间<=30分钟[AOR = 0.41，95%CI：0.19，0.89]经历TBM的可能性较小。
埃塞俄比亚母婴对中DBM和TBM的患病率较低。针对地理区域、财富指数、出生体重和孩子出生情况量身定制的干预措施有助于控制埃塞俄比亚母婴对家庭层面新出现的DBM和TBM。
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