Chandra Phool, Ruhela Manav, Kumar Prashant, Porwal Mayur, Verma Anurag, Sharma Himanshu, Sachan Neetu
Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India.
Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Uttar P radesh, India.
Curr Pharm Des. 2025 Feb 10. doi: 10.2174/0113816128347722250109042022.
Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising avenue for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, offering precise control over drug release and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. This review discusses recent advancements and challenges in nanotechnology-based approaches for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine. The small intestine presents unique challenges for drug delivery, including enzymatic degradation, low permeability, and rapid transit time. Nanotechnology offers solutions to these challenges by providing carriers capable of protecting drugs from degradation, enhancing their absorption, and facilitating site-specific delivery. Various nanocarrier systems have been explored for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, including liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and solid lipid nanoparticles. These carriers can be functionalized with ligands targeting specific receptors or transporters expressed on the intestinal epithelium, enabling efficient uptake and intracellular delivery of drugs. Additionally, nanotechnology enables the controlled release of drugs, allowing for sustained and/or triggered release profiles tailored to the physiological conditions of the small intestine. This precise control over drug release can improve therapeutic outcomes while minimizing systemic side effects. Despite the significant progress in nanotechnology-based drug delivery to the small intestine, several challenges remain. These include achieving sufficient drug loading capacity, ensuring biocompatibility and safety of nanocarriers, and addressing regulatory concerns associated with their clinical translation. In conclusion, nanotechnology holds immense potential for targeted drug delivery to the small intestine, offering solutions to overcome the limitations of conventional drug delivery systems. Addressing the remaining challenges will be crucial for realizing the full therapeutic benefits of nanotechnology in treating diseases affecting the small intestine.
纳米技术已成为一种将药物靶向递送至小肠的有前景的途径，可对药物释放进行精确控制并提高治疗效果。本综述讨论了基于纳米技术的小肠靶向给药方法的最新进展和挑战。小肠在药物递送方面存在独特的挑战，包括酶降解、低渗透性和快速转运时间。纳米技术通过提供能够保护药物免受降解、增强药物吸收并促进位点特异性递送的载体，为这些挑战提供了解决方案。已探索了各种纳米载体系统用于小肠靶向给药，包括脂质体、聚合物纳米颗粒、树枝状大分子和固体脂质纳米颗粒。这些载体可以用靶向肠上皮细胞上表达的特定受体或转运蛋白的配体进行功能化，从而实现药物的有效摄取和细胞内递送。此外，纳米技术能够控制药物释放，允许根据小肠的生理状况定制持续和/或触发释放曲线。这种对药物释放的精确控制可以改善治疗效果，同时将全身副作用降至最低。尽管基于纳米技术的小肠给药取得了重大进展，但仍存在一些挑战。这些挑战包括实现足够的药物负载能力、确保纳米载体的生物相容性和安全性，以及解决与其临床转化相关的监管问题。总之，纳米技术在小肠靶向给药方面具有巨大潜力，为克服传统给药系统的局限性提供了解决方案。解决剩余的挑战对于实现纳米技术在治疗影响小肠的疾病中的全部治疗益处至关重要。
