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茶树（Camellia sinensis）16种游离氨基酸性状的变异分析与数量性状基因座定位

Variation analysis and quantitative trait loci mapping of 16 free amino acid traits in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis).

作者信息

Zhang Dongyang, Wei Xujiao, Zhang Jing, Cui Dong, Zhang Peng, Chen Shengxiang, Zou Yao, Chen Wei, Tang Dandan, Liu Chen, Bian Jinlin, Tang Qian, Tan Liqiang

机构信息

College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.

Tea Refining and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.

出版信息

BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Feb 14;25(1):194. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-06038-9.

DOI:10.1186/s12870-024-06038-9

PMID:39953411

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11827182/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The levels of free amino acids (FAAs) and the timing of bud flush (TBF) are among the the most economic traits of tea plants (Camellia sinensis). Investigating the genetic variation characteristics of FAAs and their potential associations with TBF is critical for the breeding of new tea cultivars with high economic value.

METHODS

In this study, we utilized the 'Emei Wenchun' (♀) × 'Chuanmu 217' (♂) filial 1 (F) genetic population (n = 208) and measured their FAA contents in the "one bud and two leaves" samples across two spring seasons and one summer season using high-performance liquid chromatography combined with the Waters AccQ-Tag method. The sprouting index (SPI) was observed over two springs to quantify the TBF trait. A genetic map previously constructed based on the same population was employed for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping.

RESULTS

A total of 16 FAAs were measured, and the average total FAA contents were 28.1 and 25.4 mg/g (dry weight) in the two spring seasons and 14.29 mg/g in the summer season. Within the population, the coefficients of variation (CV) for the FAAs ranged from 23 to 41% within each season, and the correlation coefficients (r) varied from 0.15 to 0.35 across seasons. ANOVA analyses revealed that 13 out of the 16 FAAs exhibited significant genetic variation, with the estimated broad-sense heritability (h) ranging between 10.33% and 57.10%. Interestingly, three FAAs and the total FAA contents showed significant positive correlations (r = 0.21-0.34, P < 0.01) with the SPI trait in both spring seasons. QTL mapping identified 13 FAA-associated QTLs distributed across eight linkage groups.

CONCLUSION

Within the F population, the FAAs exhibited considerable variation across seasons, their heritabilities were generally low (most ≤ 50%). There was a weak but significant positive correlation between FAAs and TBF. Additionally, 13 FAA-associated QTLs were identified. The results of this study enhance our understanding of the genetic variation characteristics of FAAs and provide insights for breeding tea cultivars with both higher FAAs and earlier TBF.

摘要

背景

游离氨基酸（FAA）水平和芽萌发时间（TBF）是茶树（Camellia sinensis）最具经济价值的性状之一。研究FAA的遗传变异特征及其与TBF的潜在关联对于培育具有高经济价值的茶树新品种至关重要。

方法

在本研究中，我们利用‘峨眉问春’（♀）×‘川茶217’（♂）的杂种一代（F1）遗传群体（n = 208），采用高效液相色谱结合Waters AccQ-Tag方法，测定了两个春季和一个夏季“一芽二叶”样品中的FAA含量。在两个春季观察发芽指数（SPI）以量化TBF性状。利用先前基于同一群体构建的遗传图谱进行数量性状位点（QTL）定位。

结果

共测定了16种FAA，两个春季的平均总FAA含量分别为28.1和25.4 mg/g（干重），夏季为14.29 mg/g。在群体内，每个季节FAA的变异系数（CV）在23%至41%之间，不同季节间的相关系数（r）在0.15至0.35之间。方差分析表明，16种FAA中有13种表现出显著的遗传变异，估计的广义遗传力（h）在10.33%至57.10%之间。有趣的是，在两个春季，三种FAA和总FAA含量与SPI性状均呈显著正相关（r = 0.21 - 0.34，P < 0.01）。QTL定位确定了13个与FAA相关的QTL，分布在8个连锁群上。