Ouattara Nangouban, Issoufou-Tiny Mansour, Magid Abdulmagid Alabdul, Escotte-Binet Sandie, Yao-Kouassi Philomène Akoua, Villena Isabelle, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko Laurence
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097, Reims, France; Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, ESCAPE UR 7510, 51097, Reims, France; Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière, UFR Sciences des Structures de la Matière et de Technologie, Université Félix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY 22, BP 582, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, CNRS, ICMR 7312, 51097, Reims, France.
Phytochemistry. 2025 Jun;234:114442. doi: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2025.114442. Epub 2025 Feb 14.
The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes toxoplasmosis, a ubiquitous and cosmopolitan parasitosis, generally asymptomatic and potentially dangerous for the fetus and highly immunocompromised patients. Pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine, supplemented with folic acid, are the drugs of choice to treating the disease, but they produce severe side effects and treatments fail due to drug resistance. New anti-Toxoplasma compounds are needed, and natural compounds can be a good source for obtaining them. The antiparasitic activity of 40 polar and non-polar extracts of eight antiparasitic medicinal plants used in Côte d'Ivoire, and selected based on ethnopharmacological survey, were evaluated in vitro against T. gondii. Among them, the hydromethanolic extract of the Elaeis guineensis leaves exhibited the best parasite growth inhibition (94% ± 0.07) at 25 μg/mL without being cytotoxic at the same dose. The fractionation of this extract did not allow the recovery of antitoxoplasmic activity in its individualized fractions. The C-NMR based dereplication of this extract and the purification of two fractions highlighted the presence of saccharides (1-2), aliphatic acids (3 and 8-11), cardanols (12-13), triterpene (14), sterol (15), nor-sesquiterpene (16), megastigman derivatives (7 and 17-19), glycosylated benzyl (20-21), flavonoids (4-6 and 22), pseudoalkaloid (23), and allyl glycoside (24). Nine compounds 1-9 were identified during the dereplication process, whereas fifteen compounds 10-24 were identified after purification and four of them were undescribed (16-18 and 20). A synergistic effect between these metabolites is thought to be responsible for the anti-Toxoplasma activity. However, further studies should be carried out to confirm and explain this synergistic or antagonistic effect between the identified compounds.
顶复门寄生虫刚地弓形虫可引发弓形虫病，这是一种分布广泛、遍及全球的寄生虫病，通常无症状，但对胎儿和免疫功能极度低下的患者有潜在危险。乙胺嘧啶和磺胺嘧啶辅以叶酸是治疗该病的首选药物，但它们会产生严重的副作用，且由于耐药性治疗会失败。需要新的抗弓形虫化合物，天然化合物可能是获取它们的良好来源。对科特迪瓦用于抗寄生虫的8种药用植物的40种极性和非极性提取物（基于民族药理学调查选定）的抗寄生虫活性进行了体外抗刚地弓形虫评估。其中，油棕叶的甲醇提取物在25μg/mL时表现出最佳的寄生虫生长抑制效果（94%±0.07），且在相同剂量下无细胞毒性。对该提取物进行分馏后，在其单个馏分中未恢复到抗弓形虫活性。基于碳核磁共振的该提取物去重复分析以及两个馏分的纯化突出显示了糖类（1-2）、脂肪酸（3和8-11）、腰果酚（12-13）、三萜（14）、甾醇（15）、去甲倍半萜（16）、大柱香波龙衍生物（7和17-19）、糖基化苄基（20-21）、黄酮类化合物（4-6和22）、假生物碱（23）以及烯丙基糖苷（24）的存在。在去重复过程中鉴定出9种化合物1-9，而在纯化后鉴定出15种化合物10-24，其中4种未被描述（16-18和20）。这些代谢物之间的协同作用被认为是抗弓形虫活性的原因。然而，应开展进一步研究以确认并解释所鉴定化合物之间的这种协同或拮抗作用。
