Alvan Haider Adnan, Jabbarzadeh Zohreh, Fard Javad Rezapour, Noruzi Parviz
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Feb 15;15(1):5570. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-89463-6.
Salinity is considered as one of the most important environmental stresses in plant growth and productivity around the world by arid and semi-arid areas; therefore, the development of an efficient strategy against salt stress in crops is urgently needed. Application of Se thus appeared to be an efficient approach for the improvement of plant growth and productivity under saline condition. This study investigated the effects of salinity stress by applying different NaCl levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 mM) in combination with foliar application of Se at different levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 µM) on morpho-physiological and biochemical traits of Dianthus barbatus. Done in a factorial design and completely randomized layout with three replications, the findings showed that salinity caused significant reduction in growth, increased electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels, and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. At an increase in growth defects among the saline treatments, a positive level of 90 mM NaCl was recorded, whereas the imposition of Se improved some growth traits in most aspects: phenolic and flavonoid contents; antioxidant capacity was boosted in Se-stressed plants. Indeed, at 10µM application level in most of salinity treatments and controls, enhancing the salinity tolerance was reflected. These evidences show cell membrane stabilization of Se through maintaining compounds with various protective functions coupled with enhancing their antioxidant enzyme capacity at efficient low doses. In conclusion, Se application through foliage was an effective method to enhance the plant's tolerance capacity against salinity in sweet william and could turn out to be a sustained solution for agricultural production under salinity conditions.
盐分被认为是全球干旱和半干旱地区影响植物生长和生产力的最重要环境胁迫因素之一；因此，迫切需要制定一种有效的应对作物盐胁迫的策略。施用硒似乎是提高盐胁迫条件下植物生长和生产力的有效方法。本研究通过施加不同水平的NaCl（0、30、60和90 mM）并结合不同水平（0、5、10和15 µM）的叶面喷施硒，研究了盐胁迫对须苞石竹形态生理和生化特性的影响。试验采用析因设计和完全随机布局，重复三次，结果表明，盐胁迫导致生长显著降低，电解质渗漏和丙二醛水平增加，抗氧化酶活性增强。在盐处理中生长缺陷增加的情况下，记录到90 mM NaCl的正向水平，而施用硒在大多数方面改善了一些生长性状：酚类和黄酮类含量；硒胁迫植物的抗氧化能力增强。事实上，在大多数盐度处理和对照中，在10µM施用水平下，耐盐性得到了提高。这些证据表明，硒通过维持具有各种保护功能的化合物来稳定细胞膜，并在有效低剂量下增强其抗氧化酶能力。总之，叶面喷施硒是提高须苞石竹耐盐性的有效方法，可能成为盐胁迫条件下农业生产的持续解决方案。
