浸种和叶面喷施茉莉酸可增强大豆（Glycine max L.）幼苗的耐盐性。

Seed priming and foliar application with jasmonic acid enhance salinity stress tolerance of soybean (Glycine max L.) seedlings.

机构信息

Salt-Soil Agricultural Center, Institute of Agriculture Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences (JAAS), Nanjing, China.

Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

出版信息

J Sci Food Agric. 2021 Mar 30;101(5):2027-2041. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.10822. Epub 2020 Oct 6.

DOI:10.1002/jsfa.10822

PMID:32949013

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Jasmonic acid (JA) is an important molecule that has a regulatory effect on many physiological processes in plant growth and development under abiotic stress. This study investigated the effect of 60 μmol L of JA in seed priming (P) at 15 °C in darkness for 24 h, foliar application (F), and/or their combination effect (P + F) on two soybean cultivars - 'Nannong 99-6' (salt tolerant) and 'Lee 68' (salt sensitive) - under salinity stress (100 mmol L sodium chloride (NaCl)).

RESULTS

Salinity stress reduced seedling growth and biomass compared with that in the control condition. Priming and foliar application with JA and/or their combination significantly improved water potential, osmotic potential, water use efficiency, and relative water content of both cultivars under salinity stress. Similarly, seed priming with JA, foliar application of JA, and/or their combination significantly improved the following properties under salinity stress compared with the untreated seedlings: net photosynthetic rate by 68.03%, 59.85%, and 76.67% respectively; transpiration rate by 74.85%, 55.10%, and 80.26% respectively; stomatal conductance by 69.88%, 78.25%, and 26.24% respectively; intercellular carbon dioxide concentration by 61.64%, 40.06%, and 65.79% respectively; and total chlorophyll content by 47.41%, 41.02%, and 55.73% respectively. Soybean plants primed, sprayed with JA, or treated with their combination enhanced the chlorophyll fluorescence, which was damaged by salinity stress. JA treatments improved abscisic acid, gibberellic acid, and JA levels by 60.57%, 62.50% and 52.25% respectively under salt stress compared with those in the control condition. The transcriptional levels of the FeSOD, POD, CAT, and APX genes increased significantly in the NaCl-stressed seedlings irrespective of JA treatments. Moreover, JA treatment resulted in a reduction of sodium ion concentration and an increase of potassium ion concentrations in the leaf and root of both cultivars regardless of salinity stress. Monodehydroascorbate reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and proline contents decreased in the seedlings treated with JA under salinity stress, whereas the ascorbate content increased with JA treatment combined with NaCl stress.

CONCLUSION

The application of 60 μmol L JA improved plant growth by regulating the interaction between plant hormones and hydrogen peroxide, which may be involved in auxin signaling and stomatal closure under salt stress. These methods could efficiently protect early seedlings and alleviate salt stress damage and provide possibilities for use in improving soybean growth and inducing tolerance against excessive soil salinity. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.

摘要

背景

茉莉酸（JA）是一种重要的分子，在非生物胁迫下对植物生长和发育的许多生理过程具有调节作用。本研究探讨了在 15°C黑暗条件下用 60μmol·L 的 JA 进行种子引发（P）24 小时、叶面喷施（F）和/或它们的组合效应（P+F）对两种大豆品种——“南农 99-6”（耐盐）和“Lee68”（盐敏感）——在盐胁迫（100mmol·L 氯化钠（NaCl））下的影响。

结果

盐胁迫导致幼苗生长和生物量低于对照条件。引发和叶面喷施 JA 及其组合在盐胁迫下显著提高了两种品种的水势、渗透势、水分利用效率和相对含水量。同样，与未经处理的幼苗相比，JA 种子引发、JA 叶面喷施和/或它们的组合在盐胁迫下显著提高了以下特性：净光合速率分别提高了 68.03%、59.85%和 76.67%；蒸腾速率分别提高了 74.85%、55.10%和 80.26%；气孔导度分别提高了 69.88%、78.25%和 26.24%；胞间二氧化碳浓度分别提高了 61.64%、40.06%和 65.79%；总叶绿素含量分别提高了 47.41%、41.02%和 55.73%。JA 处理增强了大豆植株的叶绿素荧光，这是盐胁迫造成的损害。JA 处理使脱落酸、赤霉素和茉莉酸的水平分别提高了 60.57%、62.50%和 52.25%，而对照条件下则提高了 60.57%、62.50%和 52.25%。在盐胁迫下，无论 JA 处理与否，FeSOD、POD、CAT 和 APX 基因的转录水平均显著增加。此外，JA 处理降低了两种品种叶片和根系中钠离子浓度，增加了钾离子浓度，而盐胁迫则降低了两种品种叶片和根系中钠离子浓度，增加了钾离子浓度。盐胁迫下 JA 处理降低了单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶和脯氨酸的含量，而 ASC 含量则随 JA 处理与 NaCl 胁迫的结合而增加。