卢旺达基加利临床机构就诊患者中抗生素耐药弯曲杆菌的高流行率。
High prevalence of antibiotic resistant Campylobacter among patients attending clinical settings in Kigali, Rwanda.
作者信息
Gahamanyi Noel, Habimana Arsene Musana, Harerimana Jean Paul, Iranzi Frank, Ntwali Salomon, Kamaliza Gaudence, Mukayisenga Josiane, Bosco Shimirwa Jean, Komba Erick Vitus, Rujeni Nadine, Amachawadi Raghavendra G
机构信息
Biology Department, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, P.O. Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda.
National Reference Laboratory, Rwanda Biomedical Centre, P.O. Box 7162, Kigali, Rwanda.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 15;25(1):225. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-10626-x.
BACKGROUND
Thermophilic Campylobacter species are important causes of human gastroenteritis and inappropriate use of antimicrobials has led to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Rwanda, data is limited on the prevalence and AMR carriage rate of Campylobacter strains. This study aimed at assessing the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Campylobacter species among isolates obtained from different clinical settings in Kigali city, Rwanda.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study used a purposive sampling method to collect 385 stool samples from consenting patients attending the Microbiology Department at Kigali University Teaching Hospital (CHUK), Nyarugenge District Hospital, Muhima and Biryogo Health Centers (HC). Campylobacter species were isolated using culture and characterized with biochemical tests and multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for species confirmation. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) with six antimicrobials [ciprofloxacin (CIP), tetracycline (TET), chloramphenicol (CHL), streptomycin (STR), erythromycin (ERY), and gentamicin (GEN)] was carried out by using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion.
RESULTS
The overall prevalence of Campylobacter spp. was 7.0% (27/385) and the highest prevalence of 77.8% (21/27) was recorded at Biryogo HC. The prevalence of C. jejuni and C. coli were 92.6% (25/27) and 7.4% (2/27), respectively. Infection was significantly associated with diarrhea (p < 0.0001). Campylobacter isolates showed high resistance to STR (85.2%, 23/27), followed by ERY (66.7%, 18/27), and CIP (37.1%, 10/27). The isolates were sensitive to CHL at 88.9% (24/27), TET at 66.7% (18/27), and GEN at 66.7% (18/27).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of campylobacteriosis in Kigali City is not negligible and is associated with diarrhea. Campylobacter strains isolated from clinical settings were resistant to commonly used antimicrobials. Larger studies will provide insights into the national status of Campylobacter-related AMR. Routine monitoring of antimicrobial use is recommended to mitigate this public health threat. Molecular analyses of resistant strains are warranted to characterize the genomic drive of antibiotic resistance.
背景
嗜热弯曲杆菌属是人类肠胃炎的重要病因，抗菌药物的不当使用导致了抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）的出现。在卢旺达，关于弯曲杆菌菌株的流行情况和AMR携带率的数据有限。本研究旨在评估卢旺达基加利市不同临床环境中分离出的弯曲杆菌属的流行情况和抗菌药物敏感性谱。
方法
这项横断面研究采用目的抽样方法，从基加利大学教学医院（CHUK）微生物科、尼亚鲁根格区医院、穆希马和比里约戈健康中心（HC）的同意参与的患者中收集385份粪便样本。通过培养分离弯曲杆菌属，并通过生化试验和多重聚合酶链反应（PCR）进行鉴定以确认菌种。使用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法对六种抗菌药物[环丙沙星（CIP）、四环素（TET）、氯霉素（CHL）、链霉素（STR）、红霉素（ERY）和庆大霉素（GEN）]进行抗菌药物敏感性测试（AST）。
结果
弯曲杆菌属的总体流行率为7.0%（27/385），比里约戈健康中心的流行率最高，为77.8%（21/27）。空肠弯曲杆菌和结肠弯曲杆菌的流行率分别为92.6%（25/27）和7.4%（2/27）。感染与腹泻显著相关（p < 0.0001）。弯曲杆菌分离株对STR的耐药率较高（85.2%，23/27），其次是ERY（66.7%，18/27）和CIP（37.1%，10/27）。分离株对CHL的敏感率为88.9%（24/27），对TET的敏感率为66.7%（18/27），对GEN的敏感率为66.7%（18/27）。
结论
基加利市弯曲杆菌病的流行率不可忽视，且与腹泻有关。从临床环境中分离出的弯曲杆菌菌株对常用抗菌药物耐药。更大规模的研究将有助于深入了解弯曲杆菌相关AMR的全国状况。建议对抗菌药物的使用进行常规监测，以减轻这一公共卫生威胁。对抗药菌株进行分子分析，以表征抗生素耐药性的基因组驱动因素是必要的。
Zotero 插件