Pawlaczyk-Łuszczyńska Małgorzata, Wszołek Tadeusz, Dudarewicz Adam, Małecki Paweł
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland (Department of Vibroacoustic Hazards).
AGH University of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland (Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Department of Mechanics and Vibroacoustics).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2025 Mar 11;38(1):3-17. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02422. Epub 2025 Feb 17.
The study focuses on setting outdoor exposure limits for wind turbine infrasound, as most countries currently have no specific limits for this type of noise. A review of the literature on the effects of wind turbine infrasound and the methods used worldwide to measure and assess environmental exposure to infrasound formed the basis for setting limits. According to the literature, human tolerance to infrasound is defined by the hearing threshold, which is not yet standardized. Therefore, a G96 curve (corresponding to tones with the G-weighted sound pressure level (SPL) equal to 96 dB) was used to determine the mean hearing threshold in the 1-20 Hz frequency range. Infrasound that cannot be heard (or felt) is not annoying and does not cause other adverse health effects. The infrasound levels measured around wind farms are well below the hearing threshold. Few countries have set limits for infrasound in either outdoor or indoor environments. The study proposes the G-weighted equivalent SPL as the basis for assessing exposure to infrasound from wind turbines. It also specifies preliminary short-term indices (i.e., G-weighted equivalent SPLs for daytime [L] and nighttime [L]) and long-term indices (i.e., averaged G-weighted day-evening-night infrasound level [L] and G-weighted night infrasound level [L]). In order to avoid annoyance and other possible harmful effects, regardless of land use, 90 dB was provisionally adopted as an acceptable value for L and L, and 85 dB for L and L. The study highlights the importance of considering specific exposure limits for wind turbine infrasound to ensure the well-being and comfort of people living near wind turbines. IInt J Occup Med Environ Health. 2025;38(1):3-17.
该研究聚焦于设定风力涡轮机次声的户外暴露限值，因为目前大多数国家对此类噪声尚无具体限值。对有关风力涡轮机次声影响的文献以及全球用于测量和评估次声环境暴露的方法进行的综述，构成了设定限值的基础。根据文献，人类对次声的耐受性由尚未标准化的听力阈值定义。因此，采用G96曲线（对应于G加权声压级（SPL）等于96 dB的音调）来确定1 - 20 Hz频率范围内的平均听力阈值。听不见（或感觉不到）的次声不会令人烦恼，也不会造成其他不良健康影响。在风力发电场周围测量到的次声水平远低于听力阈值。很少有国家对户外或室内环境中的次声设定限值。该研究提议将G加权等效SPL作为评估风力涡轮机次声暴露的基础。它还规定了初步的短期指标（即白天[L]和夜间[L]的G加权等效SPL）和长期指标（即白天 - 傍晚 - 夜间次声平均G加权水平[L]和夜间次声G加权水平[L]）。为避免烦恼和其他可能的有害影响，无论土地用途如何，L和L的可接受值暂定为90 dB，L和L的可接受值暂定为85 dB。该研究强调了考虑风力涡轮机次声特定暴露限值以确保居住在风力涡轮机附近的人们的健康和舒适的重要性。《国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志》。2025年；38(1):3 - 17。
