Karatayev Alexander Y, Burlakova Lyubov E, Karatayev Vadim A, Cooper John E, Rudstam Lars G
Great Lakes Center, SUNY Buffalo State University, 1300 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, NY 14222 USA.
Aquatic Ecology, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), Überlandstrasse 133, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland.
Biol Invasions. 2025;27(2):85. doi: 10.1007/s10530-025-03540-5. Epub 2025 Feb 13.
Invaders can have devastating impacts on freshwater ecosystems, but these impacts can subside over time as ecosystems "adapt" to the invasion of new species. We analyzed changes in species composition and density of molluscs in Oneida Lake (New York, USA), one of the best studied North American lakes based on detailed surveys conducted in 1915-17, 1967-68, 1992-95, 2012, and 2022-23, and on annual benthic surveys from 2009 through 2023. Eutrophication and habitat alteration after 1920 resulted in a 25% decline in species richness and a 95% decline in the density of native gastropods by 1967, while species richness of unionids did not change. The arrival of zebra mussels in 1991 and quagga mussels in 2005 was associated with an increase in species richness and density of native gastropods and an extirpation of unionids by 1995. However, an invasion by the round goby in 2013 led to a significant decline across all gastropod families, disproportionately impacting soft-shelled and shallow-dwelling species, while other species, including invasive dreissenids, partially recovered 3-7 years after the goby invasion. This mollusc recovery was depth-related and was limited to deeper areas. Altogether, molluscan communities were sensitive to ecosystem change and invasives species, with some invaders offsetting the impacts of eutrophication and habitat alterations. While individual stressors have taxon-specific and sometimes positive impacts, eutrophication and species invasions have collectively decimated the native mollusc community over the past century.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10530-025-03540-5.
外来物种入侵可能对淡水生态系统造成毁灭性影响，但随着生态系统“适应”新物种的入侵，这些影响可能会随着时间的推移而减弱。我们分析了奥奈达湖（美国纽约）软体动物的物种组成和密度变化。该湖是北美研究最为深入的湖泊之一，我们依据1915 - 1917年、1967 - 1968年、1992 - 1995年、2012年以及2022 - 2023年进行的详细调查，以及2009年至2023年的年度底栖生物调查展开分析。1920年后的富营养化和栖息地改变导致物种丰富度下降了25%，到1967年本地腹足类动物的密度下降了95%，而双壳贝类的物种丰富度没有变化。1991年斑马贻贝的到来以及2005年斑驴贻贝的到来，伴随着本地腹足类动物物种丰富度和密度的增加，到1995年双壳贝类灭绝。然而，2013年圆口铜鱼的入侵导致所有腹足类动物科数量显著下降，对软壳和浅栖物种的影响尤为严重，而其他物种，包括入侵的纹贻贝科，在圆口铜鱼入侵后的3 - 7年部分恢复。这种软体动物的恢复与深度有关，并且仅限于较深的区域。总体而言，软体动物群落对生态系统变化和入侵物种很敏感，一些入侵者抵消了富营养化和栖息地改变的影响。虽然个别压力源具有特定分类群的影响，有时甚至是积极影响，但在过去的一个世纪里，富营养化和物种入侵共同导致了本地软体动物群落的大量减少。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s10530 - 025 - 03540 - 5获取的补充材料。
