Karrento Katja, Wu Melody, Rodriguez Danielle, Coyne Karin S, Tahir Muna J, Richmond Camilla A, Chen Yaozhu J, Williams James, Venkatesan Thangam
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., 500 Kendall Street, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.
BMC Gastroenterol. 2025 Feb 17;25(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s12876-025-03595-7.
Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a phasic disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by episodes of severe nausea and vomiting. In-depth qualitative research on phase-specific CVS symptoms and impacts is lacking. The study objectives were to explore the experience of patients with CVS in the United States and to identify CVS symptoms and impacts on adults, adolescents, and caregivers.
Qualitative, cross-sectional, semi-structured concept elicitation interviews were conducted with adults and adolescents with CVS and with adolescents' caregivers. Adolescents either participated alone or in a dyad format with their caregiver. Interview data were analyzed using an open coding approach.
Concept elicitation interviews were conducted with 13 adults (mean age 45.3 years [standard deviation (SD) 13.1]) and 15 adolescents (mean age 14.6 years [SD 1.8]). The most frequently reported prodrome phase symptoms were nausea (n = 12, 92.3%), anxiety (n = 10, 76.9%), and abdominal pain (n = 9, 69.2%) in adults, and nausea (n = 15, 100%), abdominal pain (n = 11, 73.3%), and headache (n = 11, 73.3%) in adolescents. All adults reported nausea, tiredness, and dry heaves in the emetic phase, and 12 (92.3%) reported vomiting and retching. The remaining patient said they no longer vomited due to abortive medications. All adolescents reported nausea and vomiting in the emetic phase; other common emetic phase symptoms were abdominal pain (n = 14, 93.3%), dehydration (n = 13, 86.7%), and tiredness (n = 13, 86.7%). The leading most bothersome impact reported by adults was anxiety associated with impending vomiting (n = 5, 38.5%). Among adolescents, the leading most bothersome impact was on school (n = 7/13 asked, 53.8%), and among their caregivers, it was seeing their child suffer (n = 6/11 asked, 54.5%).
Patients with CVS experience considerable gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms. CVS impacts the activities of daily life of patients and their caregivers, with patients reporting negative effects of CVS on their emotional status and their ability to maintain a normal school or work routine.
周期性呕吐综合征（CVS）是一种肠脑交互的阶段性疾病，其特征为严重恶心和呕吐发作。目前缺乏对CVS特定阶段症状及影响的深入定性研究。本研究的目的是探讨美国CVS患者的经历，并确定CVS对成年人、青少年及照料者的症状和影响。
对患有CVS的成年人和青少年以及青少年的照料者进行了定性、横断面、半结构化概念引出访谈。青少年可以单独参加，也可以与他们的照料者以二元组形式参加。访谈数据采用开放编码方法进行分析。
对13名成年人（平均年龄45.3岁[标准差（SD）13.1]）和15名青少年（平均年龄14.6岁[SD 1.8]）进行了概念引出访谈。成年人中最常报告的前驱期症状是恶心（n = 12，92.3%）、焦虑（n = 10，76.9%）和腹痛（n = 9，69.2%），青少年中是恶心（n = 15，100%）、腹痛（n = 11，73.3%）和头痛（n = 11，73.3%）。所有成年人在呕吐期均报告有恶心、疲倦和干呕，12人（占92.3%）报告有呕吐和干呕。其余患者表示由于使用了止吐药物，他们不再呕吐。所有青少年在呕吐期均报告有恶心和呕吐；呕吐期的其他常见症状有腹痛（n = 14，93.3%）、脱水（n = 13，86.7%）和疲倦（n = 13，86.7%）。成年人报告的最困扰的影响是与即将呕吐相关的焦虑（n = 5，38.5%）。在青少年中，最困扰的影响是对学业的影响（在13名被询问者中有7名，占53.8%），在他们的照料者中，是看到孩子受苦（在11名被询问者中有6名，占54.5%）。
CVS患者经历了相当多的胃肠道和肠外症状。CVS影响患者及其照料者的日常生活活动，患者报告CVS对他们的情绪状态以及维持正常学习或工作日常的能力有负面影响。
