Chen Yan, Song Jiaqi, Qu Wei, Zhao Yanli, Xu Jiahua, Xu Hao, Tan Yunlong, Wang Zhiren, Liu Dianying, Tan Shuping
Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing 100096, China.
Ganzhou Third People's Hospital, No. 10, Jiangbei Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2025 Mar;105:104391. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104391. Epub 2025 Feb 9.
Physical activity and experiencing bullying is a protective and risk factor for mental health, respectively. Adolescents who suffer from bullying tend to be trapped in rumination, leading to mental health problem. However, the interaction among them from the perspective of increasing protective factors and reducing risk factors is unclear. This study explored whether rumination mediated the association between experiencing bullying and mental health problems and the moderating role of physical activity.
This study investigated 13,983 students from high school in Jiangxi Province, China, and assessed for experiencing bullying, rumination, mental health problems (depressive, anxiety, and insomnia symptoms), and physical activity. Moderated mediation analysis was conducted using R software (version 4.1.1).
Significant differences were observed in rumination, physical activity and mental health problems between adolescents who have experienced bullying and those who have not (p < 0.001). Rumination mediated the relationship between experiencing bullying and depressive symptoms (β= 0.45, 95 % CI [0.42, 0.48]), anxiety symptoms (β= 0.37, 95 % CI [0.35, 0.39]), and insomnia symptoms (β= 0.36, 95 % CI [0.33, 0.38]). Moreover, physical activity moderated the relationship between rumination and depressive symptoms (coeff = -0.03, p < 0.001), anxiety symptoms (coeff = -0.02, p < 0.001), and insomnia symptoms (coeff = -0.01, p < 0.001).
Rumination and physical activity mediated and moderated, respectively, the relationship between experiencing bullying and adolescents' mental health problems. These findings indicate that schools and society should establish a campus bullying early warning system, pay attention to bullying incidents and promote physical activity.
体育活动和遭受欺凌分别是心理健康的保护因素和风险因素。遭受欺凌的青少年往往陷入反复思考，从而导致心理健康问题。然而，从增加保护因素和降低风险因素的角度来看，它们之间的相互作用尚不清楚。本研究探讨了反复思考是否介导了遭受欺凌与心理健康问题之间的关联以及体育活动的调节作用。
本研究调查了中国江西省13983名高中生，评估了他们遭受欺凌的情况、反复思考、心理健康问题（抑郁、焦虑和失眠症状）以及体育活动情况。使用R软件（版本4.1.1）进行了调节中介分析。
在遭受过欺凌和未遭受过欺凌的青少年之间，反复思考、体育活动和心理健康问题存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。反复思考介导了遭受欺凌与抑郁症状（β = 0.45，95%CI [0.42, 0.48]）、焦虑症状（β = 0.37，95%CI [0.35, 0.39]）和失眠症状（β = 0.36，95%CI [0.33, 0.38]）之间的关系。此外，体育活动调节了反复思考与抑郁症状（系数 = -0.03，p < 0.001）、焦虑症状（系数 = -0.02，p < 0.001）和失眠症状（系数 = -0.01，p < 0.001）之间的关系。
反复思考和体育活动分别介导和调节了遭受欺凌与青少年心理健康问题之间的关系。这些发现表明，学校和社会应建立校园欺凌预警系统，关注欺凌事件并促进体育活动。
