Wu Po-Ya, Stich Benjamin, Hartje Stefanie, Muders Katja, Prigge Vanessa, Van Inghelandt Delphine
Institute of Quantitative Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Sanitz, Germany.
Plant Genome. 2025 Mar;18(1):e70000. doi: 10.1002/tpg2.70000.
Different cross-selection (CS) methods incorporating genomic selection (GS) have been used in diploid species to improve long-term genetic gain and preserve diversity. However, their application to heterozygous and autotetraploid crops such as potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is lacking so far. The objectives of our study were to (i) assess the effects of different CS methods and the incorporation of GS and genetic variability monitoring on both short- and long-term genetic gains compared to strategies using phenotypic selection (PS); (ii) evaluate the changes in genetic variability and the efficiency of converting diversity into genetic gain across different CS methods; and (iii) investigate the interaction effects between different genetic architectures and CS methods on long-term genetic gain. In our simulation results, implementing GS with optimal selected proportions had increased short- and long-term genetic gain compared to any PS strategy. The CS method considering additive and dominance effects to predict progeny mean based on simulated progenies (MEGV-O) achieved the highest long-term genetic gain among the assessed mean-based CS methods. Compared to MEGV-O and usefulness criteria (UC), the linear combination of UC and genome-wide diversity (called EUCD) maintained the same level of genetic gain but resulted in higher diversity and a lower number of fixed QTLs. Moreover, EUCD had a relatively high degree of efficiency in converting diversity into genetic gain. However, choosing the most appropriate weight to account for diversity in EUCD depends on the genetic architecture of the target trait and the breeder's objectives. Our results provide breeders with concrete methods to improve their potato breeding programs.
为提高长期遗传增益并保护多样性，二倍体物种中已采用了多种结合基因组选择（GS）的交叉选择（CS）方法。然而，迄今为止，这些方法尚未应用于马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）等杂合和同源四倍体作物。本研究的目的是：（i）与使用表型选择（PS）的策略相比，评估不同CS方法以及GS和遗传变异监测的纳入对短期和长期遗传增益的影响；（ii）评估不同CS方法下遗传变异的变化以及将多样性转化为遗传增益的效率；（iii）研究不同遗传结构与CS方法对长期遗传增益的交互作用。在我们的模拟结果中，与任何PS策略相比，采用最佳选择比例实施GS可提高短期和长期遗传增益。在评估的基于均值的CS方法中，考虑加性和显性效应以基于模拟后代预测后代均值的CS方法（MEGV-O）实现了最高的长期遗传增益。与MEGV-O和有用性标准（UC）相比，UC与全基因组多样性的线性组合（称为EUCD）保持了相同水平的遗传增益，但导致了更高的多样性和更少的固定数量性状位点（QTL）。此外，EUCD在将多样性转化为遗传增益方面具有相对较高的效率。然而，在EUCD中选择最合适的权重以考虑多样性取决于目标性状的遗传结构和育种者的目标。我们的结果为育种者提供了改进其马铃薯育种计划的具体方法。
