Güven Oya, Karakurt Gökhan, Naser Abdulrahman, Selçuk Hakan, Keleş Dilek V, Gedik Emre, Avsever Mert, Köse Fatih Furkan
Department of Emergency Medicine, Kırklareli University Faculty of Medicine, Kırklareli, TUR.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Kırklareli Training and Research Hospital, Kırklareli, TUR.
Cureus. 2025 Jan 19;17(1):e77665. doi: 10.7759/cureus.77665. eCollection 2025 Jan.
This study compares the period during which thromboembolic disease develops after contact with the virus before, during, and after the pandemic.
In this study, the medical records of patients with a preliminary diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI), pulmonary embolism (PE), and ischemic stroke who presented to the Emergency Department before, during, and after the pandemic (when vaccination rates increased) were retrospectively examined. Data on whether these patients had COVID-19 or were vaccinated, the time interval between infection/vaccination and the onset of these conditions, and the prognosis were analyzed.
In the MI group, patients developed embolism the longest after infection and the shortest after vaccination. Among MI patients, the rate of those who received the BioNTech vaccine during the normalization period was higher than that of those who received Sinovac (p = 0.005). In stroke patients, during the pandemic, the time to post-vaccine embolism was shorter (p < 0.001). Additionally, infection and vaccination increased the mortality rate in stroke and PE patients (p < 0.001).
This study demonstrates that thromboembolic events can occur at varying rates and durations after exposure to the virus. While the causes of thrombosis are multifactorial, contact with the virus may act as a triggering factor, even if COVID-19 does not have a direct effect.
本研究比较了大流行之前、期间和之后与病毒接触后血栓栓塞性疾病发生的时间段。
在本研究中，对在大流行之前、期间和之后（接种率上升时）到急诊科就诊的初步诊断为心肌梗死（MI）、肺栓塞（PE）和缺血性中风的患者的病历进行了回顾性检查。分析了这些患者是否感染新冠病毒或接种疫苗、感染/接种与这些疾病发作之间的时间间隔以及预后情况。
在心肌梗死组中，患者感染后发生栓塞的时间最长，接种疫苗后最短。在心肌梗死患者中，正常化期间接种辉瑞疫苗的患者比例高于接种科兴疫苗的患者（p = 0.005）。在中风患者中，在大流行期间，接种疫苗后发生栓塞的时间较短（p < 0.001）。此外，感染和接种疫苗增加了中风和肺栓塞患者的死亡率（p < 0.001）。
本研究表明，接触病毒后血栓栓塞事件可能以不同的发生率和持续时间发生。虽然血栓形成的原因是多因素的，但即使新冠病毒没有直接影响，与病毒接触也可能作为触发因素。
