Brännemo I, Norman J, Kvist T, Lindberg L, Tsilingaridis G
Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Center for Pediatric Oral Health Research, Stockholm, Sweden.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 Feb 19. doi: 10.1007/s40368-025-01009-6.
To evaluate whether an extended home visiting programme by child health nurses and parent counsellors can prevent caries and improve oral health habits in children from low socioeconomic backgrounds.
All families in Sweden are offered one home visit when the child is two weeks old. The extended home visiting programme included five extra home visits between two and fifteen months of age where every visit had a specific theme (child safety, feeding, attachment/interaction, parenthood, social network, and self-care). Toothbrush and toothpaste, together with oral health information, were given around eight months of age. Clinical examinations and oral health habit questionnaires were conducted at 12, 24, and 36 months of age. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System was used to assess caries, and the results were compared to those of an age-matched control group following the standard child health care programme.
Significantly (p < 0.05) more children had caries at 36 months of age in the intervention group (32.8%) than in the control group (10.1%). The intervention group had significantly (p < 0.05) more plaque and a greater frequency of sweet snacks and drinks. In the intervention group, significantly (p < 0.05) more parents were under the age of 25 and foreign-born. Significantly (p < 0.001) more foreign-born parents were born in high-income countries in the control group compared to the intervention group.
The extended home visiting programme did not improve the prevalence of caries or oral health habits in this cohort. However, since the groups differed in socioeconomic factors, the results should be interpreted with caution.
评估儿童健康护士和家长顾问开展的强化家访计划能否预防社会经济背景较低儿童的龋齿并改善其口腔健康习惯。
瑞典的所有家庭在孩子两周大时都会接受一次家访。强化家访计划包括在孩子2至15个月大期间额外进行五次家访，每次家访都有特定主题（儿童安全、喂养、依恋/互动、为人父母、社交网络和自我护理）。在孩子大约8个月大时发放牙刷、牙膏以及口腔健康信息。在孩子12、24和36个月大时进行临床检查和口腔健康习惯问卷调查。采用国际龋病检测与评估系统评估龋齿情况，并将结果与遵循标准儿童保健计划的年龄匹配对照组的结果进行比较。
干预组36个月大时患龋齿的儿童（32.8%）明显多于对照组（10.1%）（p<0.05）。干预组的牙菌斑明显更多，食用甜食和喝甜饮料的频率更高（p<0.05）。在干预组中，年龄在25岁以下且出生在国外的父母明显更多（p<0.05）。与干预组相比，对照组中出生在高收入国家的外国出生父母明显更多（p<0.001）。
强化家访计划并未改善该队列中龋齿的患病率或口腔健康习惯。然而，由于两组在社会经济因素方面存在差异，对结果的解释应谨慎。
