Yang Wenhan, Wen Xinwen, Du Zhe, Yang Longtao, Chen Yanjing, Zhang Jun, Yuan Kai, Liu Jun
Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Furong District, Changsha 410000, China.
School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, No. 266 Xinglong Section of Xi Feng Road, Xi'an 710126, China.
Cereb Cortex. 2025 Feb 5;35(2). doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhaf014.
Different addictive drugs can impact the function and morphology of the brain in diverse ways. The insula cortex, an important brain node involved in craving and reward neural circuits in individuals with substance use disorders (including damage to the insula cortex), has been reported to reduce addictive behaviors. However, less is known about whether there is a functional difference between individuals with opioid and methamphetamine use disorders, especially regarding the function of the insula cortex. Fifty-eight individuals with opioid use disorder and sixty individuals with methamphetamine use disorder underwent resting-state and 3D-T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and completed craving questionnaires. Differences in insula subdivision resting-state functional connectivity between the groups were assessed, and their correlations with craving were analyzed. Compared with the methamphetamine group, the opioid group demonstrated increased connectivity of the right dorsal anterior insula but decreased connectivity of the right posterior insula and the left dorsal anterior insula/posterior insula/ventral anterior insula. Additionally, a negative correlation between functional connectivity and craving was observed in individuals with opioid and methamphetamine use disorders. This study provides insights into the various brain function connection patterns that are associated with different types of drug use with respect to opioid and methamphetamine use disorders.
不同的成瘾性药物会以多种方式影响大脑的功能和形态。岛叶皮质是参与物质使用障碍患者（包括岛叶皮质损伤）渴望和奖赏神经回路的一个重要脑节点，据报道它能减少成瘾行为。然而，对于阿片类药物使用障碍患者和甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者之间是否存在功能差异，尤其是关于岛叶皮质的功能，人们了解较少。58名阿片类药物使用障碍患者和60名甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者接受了静息态和三维T1加权磁共振成像检查，并完成了渴望问卷。评估了两组之间岛叶亚区静息态功能连接的差异，并分析了它们与渴望的相关性。与甲基苯丙胺组相比，阿片类药物组右侧背侧前岛叶的连接性增加，但右侧后岛叶以及左侧背侧前岛叶/后岛叶/腹侧前岛叶的连接性降低。此外，在阿片类药物和甲基苯丙胺使用障碍患者中观察到功能连接与渴望之间存在负相关。这项研究揭示了与阿片类药物和甲基苯丙胺使用障碍相关的不同类型药物使用所关联的各种脑功能连接模式。
