Liu Yawen, Zong Xiangyun, Altea-Manzano Patricia, Fu Jie
Department of Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
Protein Cell. 2025 Jul 19;16(7):506-531. doi: 10.1093/procel/pwaf011.
Amino acid metabolism plays a critical role in the progression and development of breast cancer. Cancer cells, including those in breast cancer, reprogram amino acid metabolism to meet the demands of rapid proliferation, survival, and immune evasion. This includes alterations in the uptake and utilization of amino acids, such as glutamine, serine, glycine, and arginine, which provide essential building blocks for biosynthesis, energy production, and redox homeostasis. Notably, the metabolic phenotypes of breast cancer cells vary across molecular subtypes and disease stages, emphasizing the need for patient stratification and personalized therapeutic strategies. Advances in multi-level diagnostics, including phenotyping and predictive tools, such as AI-based analysis and body fluid profiling, have highlighted the potential for tailoring treatments to individual metabolic profiles. Enzymes, such as glutaminase and serine hydroxymethyltransferase, often upregulated in breast cancer, represent promising therapeutic targets. Understanding the interplay between amino acid metabolism and breast cancer biology, alongside the integration of personalized medicine approaches, can uncover novel insights into tumor progression and guide the development of precision therapies. This review explores the metabolic pathways of amino acids in breast cancer, with a focus on their implications for personalized treatment strategies.
氨基酸代谢在乳腺癌的进展和发展中起着关键作用。癌细胞，包括乳腺癌细胞，会重新编程氨基酸代谢以满足快速增殖、存活和免疫逃逸的需求。这包括氨基酸摄取和利用的改变，如谷氨酰胺、丝氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸，它们为生物合成、能量产生和氧化还原稳态提供必需的构建块。值得注意的是，乳腺癌细胞的代谢表型在分子亚型和疾病阶段有所不同，这强调了患者分层和个性化治疗策略的必要性。多层次诊断的进展，包括表型分析和预测工具，如基于人工智能的分析和体液分析，突出了根据个体代谢谱定制治疗的潜力。在乳腺癌中经常上调的酶，如谷氨酰胺酶和丝氨酸羟甲基转移酶，是很有前景的治疗靶点。了解氨基酸代谢与乳腺癌生物学之间的相互作用，以及个性化医学方法的整合，可以揭示肿瘤进展的新见解，并指导精准治疗的发展。本综述探讨了乳腺癌中氨基酸的代谢途径，重点关注它们对个性化治疗策略的影响。
