Park Na-Youn, Song Geurim, Lee Kyungmu, Kho Younglim
Department of Health, Environment & Safety, Eulji University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13135, Republic of Korea.
Department of Environmental Health, Korea National Open University, Seoul, 03087, Republic of Korea.
Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2024 Dec;39(4):e2024027-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2024027. Epub 2024 Nov 18.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are pervasive in the atmosphere, originating from sources like vehicle emissions and incomplete combustion. Exposure to PAHs occurs through diet, tobacco smoke, and air pollutants, and they are recognized as carcinogens. This study, conducted from July to October 2021 in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Ulsan regions, focused on taxi drivers, a group with elevated PAH exposure due to prolonged vehicle use. The study involved 19 male taxi drivers and 46 control participants (18 male, 28 female). LC-MS/MS analysis was employed to quantify urinary levels of 18 hydroxy-PAHs, oxidative damage markers (MDA, 8-OHdG), and cotinine. The detection rates of OH-PAHs were 1-naphthol (96.9 %), 2-naphthol (90.8 %), 2-hydroxyfluorene (86.2 %), and 1-hydroxypyrene (80.0 %). Compared to the male controls, taxi drivers showed higher median concentrations of 2-OH-Na (1.698 ng/mL), 1-OH-Na (0.666 ng/mL), 2-OH-Flu (0.067 ng/mL), and 1-OHP (0.045 ng/mL). Similarly, significant differences were observed between taxi drivers and female controls for 1-OH-Na, 2-OH-Na, 2-OH-Flu, 3-OH-Phe, and 1-OHP. MDA and 8-OHdG were detected in over 90% of all groups, with significant differences between taxi drivers. Strong positive correlations were revealed between urinary OH-PAHs, MDA, and 8-OHdG (r ranging from 0.589 to 0.770, p<0.01). The findings suggest that taxi drivers, due to prolonged exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, have elevated levels of PAH metabolites and oxidative stress, especially among smokers. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to validate these results and explore the long-term health implications of occupational PAH exposure in urban transportation workers..
多环芳烃在大气中普遍存在，其来源包括车辆排放和不完全燃烧等。人们通过饮食、烟草烟雾和空气污染物接触多环芳烃，并且它们被公认为致癌物。这项研究于2021年7月至10月在首尔、京畿道和蔚山地区进行，重点关注出租车司机这一群体，他们因长时间使用车辆而接触多环芳烃的水平较高。该研究涉及19名男性出租车司机和46名对照参与者（18名男性，28名女性）。采用液相色谱 - 串联质谱分析法来定量测定尿液中18种羟基多环芳烃、氧化损伤标志物（丙二醛、8 - 羟基脱氧鸟苷）和可替宁的水平。羟基多环芳烃的检出率分别为1 - 萘酚（96.9%）、2 - 萘酚（90.8%）、2 - 羟基芴（86.2%）和1 - 羟基芘（80.0%）。与男性对照组相比，出租车司机的2 - 羟基萘（1.698 ng/mL）、1 - 羟基萘（0.666 ng/mL）、2 - 羟基芴（0.067 ng/mL）和1 - 羟基芘（0.045 ng/mL）的中位数浓度更高。同样，在出租车司机与女性对照组之间，1 - 羟基萘、2 - 羟基萘、2 - 羟基芴、3 - 羟基菲和1 - 羟基芘也存在显著差异。丙二醛和8 - 羟基脱氧鸟苷在所有组中的检出率均超过90%，出租车司机之间存在显著差异。尿液中的羟基多环芳烃、丙二醛和8 - 羟基脱氧鸟苷之间呈现出强正相关（r值范围为0.589至0.770，p<0.01）。研究结果表明，由于长期接触与交通相关的空气污染物，出租车司机体内多环芳烃代谢物水平和氧化应激水平升高，尤其是在吸烟者中。建议进行更大样本量的进一步研究，以验证这些结果并探索城市交通工作者职业性多环芳烃暴露对健康的长期影响。
