Kokkinis Evangelos, Bastas Nikolaos Stefanos, Mega Ioanna, Tsironis Christos, Lianou Aikaterini D
Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families and Health Professionals, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
Maedica (Bucur). 2024 Dec;19(4):801-806. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2024.19.4.8012024;.
Oral cancer is a significant worldwide health issue which has an annual incidence of over 377,000 new cases. It was historically associated with tobacco and alcohol use, but recent research has also emphasized the role of human papilloma virus (HPV), specifically types 16 and 18, to the development of oropharyngeal malignancies. Human papilloma virus, a common sexually transmitted infection, impacts approximately 9-13% of the worldwide population. Currently, there have been 202 recognized virus types associated with HPV. HPV-positive oral cancers have different clinical and molecular features compared to HPV-negative ones. The HPV-positive tumors tend to better respond to radiation and chemotherapy treatments. This review compiles findings from an extensive literature search in PubMed and Google Scholar. It highlights the growing occurrence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal malignancies, especially among younger age groups, in different regions of the world. There has been a noticeable increase in the occurrence of these tumors, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. The rates of HPV infection are influenced by factors such as inadequate oral hygiene, sexual habits and gender differences. The research emphasizes the necessity for enhanced diagnostic methods, such as PCR-based assays, and shows the potential advantages of HPV vaccination and public health education in reducing the increasing cancer burden. Conducting additional research is crucial in order to create efficient methods for preventing and treating these conditions.
口腔癌是一个重大的全球健康问题，每年新增病例超过37.7万例。它在历史上与烟草和酒精使用有关，但最近的研究也强调了人乳头瘤病毒（HPV），特别是16型和18型，在口咽恶性肿瘤发展中的作用。人乳头瘤病毒是一种常见的性传播感染，影响着全球约9%至13%的人口。目前，已确认有202种病毒类型与HPV相关。与HPV阴性的口腔癌相比，HPV阳性的口腔癌具有不同的临床和分子特征。HPV阳性肿瘤对放疗和化疗的反应往往更好。本综述汇编了在PubMed和谷歌学术上广泛文献检索的结果。它强调了HPV阳性口咽恶性肿瘤在世界不同地区，尤其是在年轻人群体中日益增多的情况。这些肿瘤的发生率有明显上升，特别是在欧洲和中东地区。HPV感染率受口腔卫生不良、性行为习惯和性别差异等因素影响。该研究强调了加强诊断方法（如基于PCR的检测）的必要性，并显示了HPV疫苗接种和公共卫生教育在减轻日益增加的癌症负担方面的潜在优势。进行更多研究对于创建预防和治疗这些疾病的有效方法至关重要。
