应对宫颈癌负担的全球差异：新兴策略的叙述性综述
Addressing Global Disparities in Cervical Cancer Burden: A Narrative Review of Emerging Strategies.
作者信息
Gopalkrishnan Kalpana, Karim Roksana
机构信息
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
出版信息
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2025 Feb 21;22(1):18. doi: 10.1007/s11904-025-00727-2.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Cervical cancer burden is disproportionately higher in low to middle income countries, especially in countries with a high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden. This review investigates barriers to implementation and assesses current progress in cervical cancer screening in lower resource settings by reviewing technologies and strategies that have already been implemented in low to middle income countries.
RECENT FINDINGS
Several novel innovations embrace the recent World Health Organization (WHO) update to screening guidelines that recommends a "screen and treat" approach rather than a "screen, triage and treat" approach. Innovations include human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling, portable cervical visualization devices, and creative large-scale approaches to increase screening accessibility. Overall, a low-cost, accurate, point-of-care screening test could alleviate most of the barriers associated with cervical cancer screening in lower resource settings. Further research into the development of a low-cost HPV test in conjunction with the HPV vaccine and other screening tools could expedite progress.
综述目的
低收入和中等收入国家的宫颈癌负担 disproportionately 更高，尤其是在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）负担较高的国家。本综述通过回顾已在低收入和中等收入国家实施的技术和策略，调查实施过程中的障碍，并评估资源匮乏地区宫颈癌筛查的当前进展。
最新发现
一些新的创新采用了世界卫生组织（WHO）最近对筛查指南的更新，该指南推荐“筛查并治疗”方法而非“筛查、分流并治疗”方法。创新包括人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）自我采样、便携式宫颈可视化设备以及增加筛查可及性的创新性大规模方法。总体而言，低成本、准确的即时检测筛查试验可以缓解资源匮乏地区与宫颈癌筛查相关的大多数障碍。进一步研究开发结合HPV疫苗和其他筛查工具的低成本HPV检测方法可能会加快进展。
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