Bhartiya Shibal, Ichhpujani Parul, Wadhwani Meenakshi
Department of Ophthalmology, Marengo Asia Hospital, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Indian J Ophthalmol. 2025 Mar 1;73(Suppl 2):S189-S196. doi: 10.4103/IJO.IJO_3280_23. Epub 2025 Feb 21.
As a major reason for irreversible vision loss, glaucoma is a significant public health concern. Its multifactorial nature demands a nuanced understanding of its pathophysiology, risk factors, and management. An understanding, and continuous refinement, of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, including pharmacological interventions, novel methods of drug delivery, and surgical techniques (including minimally invasive glaucoma surgeries) are critical. The advent of personalized medicine, genetic profiling, and innovative biomarkers for identifying susceptible individuals and tailoring treatment strategies may help prevent blindness and improve patient outcomes. Evaluation of the impact of lifestyle modifications and holistic approaches and integration of telemedicine and artificial intelligence in glaucoma management may revolutionize current glaucoma practice. In addressing the global challenge of glaucoma blindness, this narrative review highlights ongoing initiatives, public health policies, and community-based interventions. This includes raising awareness, enhancing early detection programs, and access to care, particularly in underserved populations.
作为不可逆视力丧失的主要原因，青光眼是一个重大的公共卫生问题。其多因素性质要求对其病理生理学、危险因素和管理有细致入微的理解。对诊断和治疗方式的理解以及不断完善至关重要，这些方式包括药物干预、新型给药方法和手术技术（包括微创青光眼手术）。个性化医疗、基因分析以及用于识别易感个体和制定个性化治疗策略的创新生物标志物的出现，可能有助于预防失明并改善患者预后。评估生活方式改变和整体方法的影响，以及将远程医疗和人工智能整合到青光眼管理中，可能会彻底改变当前的青光眼治疗实践。在应对青光眼致盲这一全球挑战时，本篇叙述性综述重点介绍了正在进行的倡议、公共卫生政策和基于社区的干预措施。这包括提高认识、加强早期检测项目以及改善医疗服务可及性，尤其是在服务不足的人群中。
