早发性乳腺癌按生活方式风险因素划分的发病趋势。
Incidence trends of early-onset breast cancer by lifestyle risk factors.
作者信息
Rantala Jasmiina, Seppä Karri, Eriksson Johan, Heinävaara Sirpa, Härkänen Tommi, Jousilahti Pekka, Knekt Paul, Männistö Satu, Rahkonen Ossi, Malila Nea, Mäkinen Eetu, Ryynänen Heidi, Laaksonen Maarit, Heikkinen Sanna, Pitkäniemi Janne
机构信息
Finnish Cancer Registry, Institute for Statistical and Epidemiological Cancer Research, Helsinki, Finland.
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
BMC Cancer. 2025 Feb 21;25(1):326. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-13730-y.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of early-onset breast cancer (< 50 years) has been increasing over the past decades with the role of modifiable, lifestyle-related risk factors remaining mostly unidentified.
METHODS
To investigate the role of key lifestyle factors in the incidence trends of early-onset breast cancer (EOBC), we pooled data from six health studies in Finland in 1972-2015 and combined them with breast cancer data from the Finnish Cancer Registry. The cohort consisted of 56,253 women with 397 EOBCs. The effects of risk factors (hazard ratios) on EOBC and average annual percent change (AAPC) of incidence were estimated using Poisson regression models.
RESULTS
The highest annual increase in age-standardized incidence was observed among women aged 40-49 who were overweight (AAPC 4.0%, 95% CI 0.5-7.7%), currently smoking (AAPC 3.3%, 95% CI 0.1-6.6%) or moderately physically active (AAPC 2.9%, 95% CI 0.3-5.6%).
CONCLUSIONS
The increase in early-onset breast cancer incidence was highest among women aged 40-49 who were overweight, currently smoking, or moderately physically active, while no change by risk factors was found in women under 40 years of age. Our findings suggest a different type of cancer process in young adults and highlight the importance of lifestyle risk factors in the incidence of EOBC.
背景
在过去几十年中，早发性乳腺癌（<50岁）的发病率一直在上升，而可改变的、与生活方式相关的风险因素的作用大多仍不明确。
方法
为了研究关键生活方式因素在早发性乳腺癌（EOBC）发病趋势中的作用，我们汇总了1972 - 2015年芬兰六项健康研究的数据，并将其与芬兰癌症登记处的乳腺癌数据相结合。该队列由56,253名女性组成，其中有397例早发性乳腺癌。使用泊松回归模型估计风险因素对早发性乳腺癌的影响（风险比）以及发病率的年均变化百分比（AAPC）。
结果
在40 - 49岁超重（AAPC 4.0%，95%CI 0.5 - 7.7%）、当前吸烟（AAPC 3.3%，95%CI 0.1 - 6.6%）或适度体力活动（AAPC 2.9%，95%CI 0.3 - 5.6%）的女性中，年龄标准化发病率的年度增幅最高。
结论
早发性乳腺癌发病率的增加在40 - 49岁超重、当前吸烟或适度体力活动的女性中最为显著，而40岁以下女性未发现风险因素导致的变化。我们的研究结果表明年轻人中存在不同类型的癌症发病过程，并强调了生活方式风险因素在早发性乳腺癌发病中的重要性。
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