Poveda-López Salud, Lillo-Navarro Carmen, Montilla-Herrador Joaquina
Faculty of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Occupational Therapy, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Department of Pathology and Surgery, Center for Translational Research in Physiotherapy (CEIT), University Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan, Alicante, Spain.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2025 Feb 22;37(1):47. doi: 10.1007/s40520-025-02954-4.
Maintaining functional status in institutionalized older people is a challenge for long-term care (LTC) institutions. In this regard, exercise may have positive effects. The World Health Organization (WHO) has issued guidelines which include recommendations of exercise for each population group. Nonetheless, the literature shows that the levels of exercise among institutionalized population are still low.
This study sought to determine: (1) the characteristics of exercise programs for older people performed by health professionals in LTC facilities, (2) the knowledge and use of the WHO recommendations and guidelines for exercising among older people in LTC facilities; (3) the limitations identified by health professionals regarding the application of the WHO guidelines.
A cross-sectional national survey following STROBE guideline was performed.
professionals developing exercise programs for institutionalized older people. A Delphi study was conducted to create the survey which included sociodemographic data, exercise characteristics, knowledge about WHO recommendations and limitations regarding their application. Descriptive statistics were used on the data, such as Pearson's χ2 and independent t- test.
Many professionals do not know (27,5%) or do not follow (52%) the guidelines proposed by the WHO. There is a low weekly frequency for strength exercises (30%) and aerobic exercise (51%). The professional contract influences the weekly frequency of exercise. Most identified limitations for using the WHO recommendations were the lack of time and large groups.
Recommendations of WHO guidelines are familiar to many professionals, however, some are difficult to implement in exercise programs in LTC facilities.
对于长期护理（LTC）机构而言，维持机构内老年人的功能状态是一项挑战。在这方面，运动可能会产生积极影响。世界卫生组织（WHO）已发布指南，其中包括针对各人群组的运动建议。尽管如此，文献表明机构内人群的运动水平仍然较低。
本研究旨在确定：（1）长期护理机构中健康专业人员为老年人开展的运动项目的特点；（2）长期护理机构中老年人对WHO运动建议和指南的了解及应用情况；（3）健康专业人员在应用WHO指南时所发现的限制因素。
按照STROBE指南进行了一项全国性横断面调查。
为机构内老年人制定运动项目的专业人员。开展了一项德尔菲研究以创建该调查，内容包括社会人口统计学数据、运动特点、对WHO建议的了解以及应用方面的限制因素。对数据使用了描述性统计，如Pearson卡方检验和独立t检验。
许多专业人员不了解（27.5%）或未遵循（52%）WHO提出的指南。力量训练（30%）和有氧运动（51%）的每周频率较低。专业合同会影响每周的运动频率。大多数确定的应用WHO建议的限制因素是时间不足和群体规模大。
许多专业人员熟悉WHO指南的建议，然而，其中一些建议在长期护理机构的运动项目中难以实施。
