与老年黑人日常功能相关的社会因素。
Social factors associated with everyday functioning in older Black adults.
作者信息
Davis Katrail, Calamia Matthew
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
出版信息
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2025 Feb 24:1-9. doi: 10.1017/S1355617725000037.
OBJECTIVE
Independence in everyday functioning has been associated with successful aging and declines in functioning may be indicative of pathological cognitive decline. Social determinants of health, like economic status and access to health care, a]lso play a role in everyday functioning. Understanding these factors are of particular importance for older Black adults who have had long-standing disparate access to care, education, and treatments. The current study aimed to evaluate social determinants of health, more specifically social engagement, as moderators of the association between cognition and everyday functioning.
METHOD
A sample of 930 older Black adults from Rush University: The Memory and Aging Project, African American Clinical Core, and Minority Adult Research Study were used. Participants completed a battery of neuropsychological testing as well as questionnaires about their everyday functioning and social behaviors. Hierarchical linear regressions were utilized to determine to what extent social factors moderated the relationship between cognition and everyday functioning.
RESULTS
Late life social activity reduced the effect of global cognition on everyday functioning and was independently associated with everyday functioning. Social network size was associated with increased impairment.
CONCLUSION
Results from the current study provide novel information regarding the role of social interaction on cognition in an older Black adult sample. Future interventions may benefit from an emphasis on increasing social engagement.
目的
日常生活功能的独立性与成功老龄化相关，功能下降可能表明病理性认知衰退。健康的社会决定因素，如经济状况和医疗保健的可及性，也在日常生活功能中发挥作用。对于长期在获得护理、教育和治疗方面存在差异的老年黑人成年人来说，了解这些因素尤为重要。当前的研究旨在评估健康的社会决定因素，更具体地说是社会参与度，作为认知与日常生活功能之间关联的调节因素。
方法
使用了来自拉什大学的930名老年黑人成年人样本：记忆与衰老项目、非裔美国人临床核心以及少数族裔成人研究。参与者完成了一系列神经心理学测试以及关于他们日常生活功能和社会行为的问卷。采用分层线性回归来确定社会因素在多大程度上调节了认知与日常生活功能之间的关系。
结果
晚年的社会活动减少了整体认知对日常生活功能的影响，并且与日常生活功能独立相关。社交网络规模与功能损害增加有关。
结论
当前研究的结果提供了关于社会互动在老年黑人成年人样本中对认知的作用的新信息。未来的干预措施可能会受益于对增加社会参与度的强调。
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