Campbell Dana L M, Lee Caroline
Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Armidale, New South Wales, Australia.
PeerJ. 2025 Feb 18;13:e18883. doi: 10.7717/peerj.18883. eCollection 2025.
Evolving societal expectations are driving increasing interest in the welfare of decapod crustaceans, such as prawns and shrimp, grown in aquaculture. A key aspect of understanding an animal's welfare-related needs is through assessing their behavior to determine how the animal is perceiving and interacting with their environment. Behavioral testing has been applied to livestock animals for decades, providing insight into their wants and needs to guide housing structure design and husbandry practices that improve their welfare. This review collated studies that have applied behavioral testing, primarily at the individual level, to decapod shrimp and prawns in the Dendrobranchiata and Caridea sub- and infra-orders respectively. This review aims to understand the types of assessments that can be successfully applied to these taxa, and what the results of testing may be able to inform us about in regard to the welfare of these species. While the sentience capabilities of these decapod taxa is still under debate, the behavioral testing applied to date across varying species demonstrates they exhibit preferences across multiple contexts, individual differences indicative of personality, cognitive capabilities, and behavioral indicators consistent with negative affective states. There is scope to learn from livestock welfare assessment using behavioral testing and increase the research focused on penaeid shrimp and prawn species of aquaculture interest. Application and validation of new behavioral tests can guide system optimization for aquaculture shrimp and prawns in relation to the welfare of the animals.
不断变化的社会期望促使人们对水产养殖中养殖的十足目甲壳类动物（如对虾和小虾）的福利越来越感兴趣。了解动物与福利相关需求的一个关键方面是通过评估它们的行为来确定动物如何感知其环境并与之互动。行为测试已应用于家畜数十年，有助于深入了解它们的需求，从而指导住房结构设计和饲养管理实践，以改善它们的福利。本综述整理了分别对枝鳃亚目和真虾下目十足目虾类和对虾应用行为测试的研究，主要是在个体层面上进行的。本综述旨在了解哪些类型的评估可以成功应用于这些分类群，以及测试结果能在这些物种的福利方面为我们提供哪些信息。虽然这些十足目分类群的感知能力仍存在争议，但迄今为止对不同物种进行的行为测试表明，它们在多种情况下表现出偏好、表明个性的个体差异、认知能力以及与负面情绪状态一致的行为指标。有必要借鉴家畜福利评估中的行为测试方法，增加对水产养殖中感兴趣的对虾和对虾物种的研究。新行为测试的应用和验证可以指导针对水产养殖虾类和对虾的系统优化，以提高动物福利。
