Alamri Abdulrahman, Alaamer Kholoud, Almogbel Yasser, Alsalahi Hanan, Al Shareef Mananl, Alanazi Saleh, Al Samannoudi Hamza, Alhusaini Fahad
Pharmaceutical Care Services, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh 11481, Saudi Arabia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Feb 11;13(4):380. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13040380.
: Malnutrition poses a significant challenge to public health, affecting millions worldwide, particularly among people in hospital, notably among surgical cases that require adequate nutritional support for effective recovery. Factors contributing to malnutrition include chronic illnesses that hinder nutritional intake and socioeconomic barriers limiting food access. This study aimed to assess malnutrition in surgical patients at admission to enhance recovery, minimize complications, and improve clinical outcomes. : This prospective observational cross-sectional study involved 282 adults hospitalized for over 48 h for surgery. This study utilized the MUST and MNA-SF assessments to evaluate malnutrition risk, confirming diagnoses via the GLIM criteria. Statistical analysis, including the Pearson chi-square test and univariate and multivariate logistic regression, identified significant malnutrition risk factors. : This study found an 18.1% malnutrition prevalence among these patients, with Stage 1 malnutrition being the most common at 9.6%. Additionally, a notable proportion of patients were classified as obese (46.5%) or overweight (27.7%). Men had higher malnutrition rates (12.8%) than women (5.3%). Age disparities were also significant, with higher rates among older (7.4%) and younger adults (7.1%) compared to middle-aged individuals (2.5%). Patients undergoing elective surgeries (9.9%) and emergency surgeries (6.7%) had higher malnutrition rates than those admitted for surgical complications. Furthermore, malnutrition was observed in 12% of patients undergoing orthopedic or general surgeries. : Among adult patients admitted to surgical wards, malnutrition prevalence during admission was 18%, underscoring the need for comprehensive preoperative nutritional assessments and targeted interventions for patients undergoing surgery.
营养不良对公共卫生构成重大挑战，影响着全球数百万人，尤其是住院患者，特别是那些需要充足营养支持以有效康复的外科手术患者。导致营养不良的因素包括阻碍营养摄入的慢性疾病以及限制食物获取的社会经济障碍。本研究旨在评估外科手术患者入院时的营养不良状况，以促进康复、减少并发症并改善临床结局。 ：这项前瞻性观察性横断面研究纳入了282名因手术住院超过48小时的成年人。本研究采用营养不良通用筛查工具（MUST）和营养不良风险评估量表简表（MNA-SF）来评估营养不良风险，并通过全球营养不良领导倡议（GLIM）标准确诊。包括Pearson卡方检验以及单因素和多因素逻辑回归在内的统计分析确定了显著的营养不良风险因素。 ：本研究发现这些患者中营养不良患病率为18.1%，其中1期营养不良最为常见，占9.6%。此外，相当一部分患者被归类为肥胖（46.5%）或超重（27.7%）。男性的营养不良率（12.8%）高于女性（5.3%）。年龄差异也很显著，老年人（7.4%）和年轻人（7.1%）的营养不良率高于中年人（2.5%）。接受择期手术（9.9%）和急诊手术（6.7%）的患者营养不良率高于因手术并发症入院的患者。此外，在接受骨科手术或普通外科手术的患者中，12%存在营养不良。 ：在入住外科病房的成年患者中，入院时营养不良患病率为18%，这凸显了对接受手术的患者进行全面术前营养评估和针对性干预的必要性。
