Stone Anna, DeGroot Megan, McVarnock Alicia, Cheng Tiffany, Bowker Julie C, Coplan Robert J
Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14068, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Jan 21;15(2):108. doi: 10.3390/bs15020108.
The aim of the current study was to examine the unique relations between introversion and indices of well-being while accounting for aspects of solitude (i.e., time spent alone, shyness, affinity for solitude, and negative thinking while alone). Participants were = 1036 adolescents (15-19 years of age, = 16.19 years, = 0.58; 67% girls) who completed a series of self-report measures assessing introversion, time spent alone, negative thinking while alone, motivations for solitude (shyness, affinity for solitude), and indices of well-being (i.e., loneliness, positive/negative affect, general well-being). Overall, results from correlational analyses indicated that introversion was associated with poorer functioning across all indices of well-being. However, when controlling for aspects of solitude, results from hierarchical regression analyses indicated a complex set of associations that varied across indices of well-being. Introversion remained associated significantly and negatively with well-being and positive affect, was no longer related significantly to loneliness, and became related significantly and negatively to negative affect. Findings are discussed in terms of how personality characteristics and aspects of solitude can impact the well-being of adolescents.
本研究的目的是在考虑独处的各个方面（即独处时间、害羞、对独处的喜爱以及独处时的消极思维）的情况下，检验内向与幸福感指标之间的独特关系。研究参与者为1036名青少年（年龄在15至19岁之间，平均年龄M = 16.19岁，标准差SD = 0.58；67%为女孩），他们完成了一系列自我报告测量，评估内向、独处时间、独处时的消极思维、独处动机（害羞、对独处的喜爱）以及幸福感指标（即孤独感、积极/消极情绪、总体幸福感）。总体而言，相关分析结果表明，内向与所有幸福感指标的较差功能相关。然而，在控制独处的各个方面后，分层回归分析结果表明，存在一组复杂的关联，这些关联在不同的幸福感指标中有所不同。内向仍然与幸福感和积极情绪显著负相关，与孤独感不再显著相关，并且与消极情绪显著负相关。研究结果从人格特征和独处方面如何影响青少年幸福感的角度进行了讨论。
