Davan Wetton Joanna, Santilli Micaela, Gitau Hellen, Muindi Kanyiva, Zimmermann Nici, Michie Susan, Davies Michael
Centre for Behaviour Change, Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, UK.
African Population and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 10787, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Jan 26;15(2):133. doi: 10.3390/bs15020133.
Poor solid waste management in Kisumu, Kenya, contributes to adverse health, social, and environmental outcomes as a result of open burning, illegal dumping, and reliance on landfills. Taking Kisumu as a case study, we use behavioural systems mapping (BSM) for the purpose of understanding the role of behaviour in this complex problem. We qualitatively analysed transcripts from focus groups and interviews with 45 stakeholders in Kisumu to construct a BSM of the perceived actors, behaviours, and behavioural influences affecting waste management, as well as causal links. Influences were analysed using the capability, opportunity, and motivation model of behaviour (COM-B). The resulting BSM connects 24 behaviours by 12 different actors and 49 unique influences (30 related to opportunity, 16 to motivation, and 3 to capability). It reflects three sub-systems: policy-making, public waste management, and the policy-public interface. Six key feedback loops are described, which suggest that cycles of underfunding are interlinked with problematic practices around the build-up, handling, and segregation of waste and conflicting public and political views around responsibility. We demonstrate how the BSM method can be used with transcript data and provide steps that others can follow to inform the design of systemic behaviour change interventions. Further research to validate and adapt this approach may extend the learnings to other countries and health and sustainability challenges.
由于露天焚烧、非法倾倒以及对垃圾填埋场的依赖，肯尼亚基苏木糟糕的固体废物管理导致了不良的健康、社会和环境后果。以基苏木为案例研究，我们运用行为系统映射（BSM）来理解行为在这个复杂问题中所起的作用。我们对来自基苏木45名利益相关者的焦点小组讨论记录和访谈内容进行了定性分析，以构建一个关于影响废物管理的感知行为者、行为及行为影响因素，以及因果联系的行为系统映射。使用行为的能力、机会和动机模型（COM-B）对影响因素进行分析。由此产生的行为系统映射将12个不同行为者的24种行为与49种独特影响因素（30种与机会相关、16种与动机相关、3种与能力相关）联系起来。它反映了三个子系统：政策制定、公共废物管理以及政策与公众的接口。文中描述了六个关键反馈回路，这表明资金不足的循环与围绕废物堆积、处理和分类的问题性做法以及围绕责任的公众和政治观点冲突相互关联。我们展示了行为系统映射方法如何与记录数据一起使用，并提供了其他人可以遵循的步骤，以为系统性行为改变干预措施的设计提供参考。进一步验证和调整这种方法的研究可能会将相关经验推广到其他国家以及健康和可持续发展挑战领域。
