Tambelli Renata, Tosto Sara, Favieri Francesca
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Via degli Apuli 1, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Feb 7;15(2):173. doi: 10.3390/bs15020173.
The perinatal period, due to the many physical, psychological, and social changes in future mothers, may represent a critical phase with an increased risk for mental health. Postpartum depression (PPD) is one of the main syndromes that affect around 17 percent of women after pregnancy and in the first months of motherhood. This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, aimed to identify the main pre-partum psychiatric risk factors that may influence the occurrence and diagnosis of PPD with a focus on the antenatal and clinical history of depression, bipolar disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and psychosis. From the search in main scientific databases (Web of Science, Pubmed, Psychinfo, and Scopus), 37 articles were included for the critical evaluation. The studies showed that antenatal depression and depressive episodes during pregnancy represent higher risk factors for PPD. Also, a clinical history of major depression, especially if associated with other risk factors (such as poor demographic or social conditions) increases the risk for PPD. From the systematic analysis emerged a paucity of studies considering the other psychiatric syndromes that should be overcome. PPD represents a multisystemic syndrome involving all the aspects of a mother's life as well as affecting children's development; for this reason, exploring the role of mental health risk factors for PPD onset, progression, and prognosis is relevant, from a clinical point of view, to find the best way to promote the mother's psychological well-being from the antenatal period.
围产期由于未来母亲会发生许多生理、心理和社会变化，可能是一个关键时期，心理健康风险增加。产后抑郁症（PPD）是主要综合征之一，影响约17%的产后女性及产后头几个月的母亲。本系统评价遵循PRISMA指南，旨在确定可能影响PPD发生和诊断的主要产前精神风险因素，重点关注抑郁症、双相情感障碍、强迫症和精神病的产前及临床病史。通过在主要科学数据库（科学网、PubMed、Psychinfo和Scopus）中检索，纳入37篇文章进行批判性评价。研究表明，产前抑郁症和孕期抑郁发作是PPD的较高风险因素。此外，重度抑郁症的临床病史，尤其是与其他风险因素（如不良人口统计学或社会状况）相关时，会增加PPD的风险。从系统分析中发现，考虑其他精神综合征的研究较少，这一点有待克服。PPD是一种多系统综合征，涉及母亲生活的各个方面，并影响儿童发育；因此，从临床角度探索心理健康风险因素在PPD发病、进展和预后中的作用，对于找到从围产期促进母亲心理健康的最佳方法具有重要意义。
