Sagat Peter
GSD/Health and Physical Education Department, Sport Sciences and Diagnostics Research Group, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jan 26;14(2):128. doi: 10.3390/biology14020128.
Although the level of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in older adults has been well documented, little evidence has been provided regarding sex- and age-specific reference standards. Therefore, the main purpose of the study was to examine objectively measured CRF in older adults based on sex and age. This observational study included 450 men (N = 170) and women (N = 280) aged ≥60 years with mean ± standard deviation (SD) for age (67.4 ± 5.4), height (165.7 ± 8.6 cm), weight (75.1 ± 13.3 kg) and body mass index (BMI, 27.1 ± 3.9 kg/m). Participants performed an incremental exercise ramp test until exhaustion on a treadmill, and the outcome of CRF was presented as peak oxygen uptake (VO) in milliliters per kilogram of body mass per minute (ml/kg/min). Relative VO values were 37.3 ± 7.1, 30.3 ± 6.6, 24.8 ± 5.4 and 21.7 ± 5.8 mL/kg/min for men aged 60-64 years, 65-69 years, 70-74 years and ≥75 years. For the same age groups in women, values were 30.5 ± 4.8, 27.1 ± 5.4, 22.4 ± 3.4 and 18.9 ± 4.7 mL/kg/min. Age-related declines were observed in both men and women ( < 0.001). In a sex-age interaction term, significant main effects occurred, where men in every age group exhibited higher VO values, compared to women in the same age groups. This study shows that CRF needs to be assessed by considering sex and age as significant predictors. Thus, sex- and age-specific reference findings may serve as an avenue to monitor, track and compare between older adults of different nationalities.
尽管老年人的心肺适能（CRF）水平已有充分记录，但关于性别和年龄特异性参考标准的证据却很少。因此，本研究的主要目的是根据性别和年龄客观地检测老年人的CRF。这项观察性研究纳入了450名年龄≥60岁的男性（N = 170）和女性（N = 280），年龄的平均值±标准差（SD）为（67.4 ± 5.4）岁，身高（165.7 ± 8.6厘米），体重（75.1 ± 13.3千克），体重指数（BMI，27.1 ± 3.9千克/平方米）。参与者在跑步机上进行递增运动斜坡试验直至疲惫不堪，CRF的结果以每分钟每千克体重的峰值摄氧量（VO）表示，单位为毫升（ml/kg/min）。60 - 64岁、65 - 69岁、70 - 74岁和≥75岁男性的相对VO值分别为37.3 ± 7.1、30.3 ± 6.6、24.8 ± 5.4和21.7 ± 5.8毫升/千克/分钟。女性在相同年龄组的对应值分别为30.5 ± 4.8、27.1 ± 5.4、22.4 ± 3.4和18.9 ± 4.7毫升/千克/分钟。男性和女性均观察到与年龄相关的下降（P < 0.001）。在性别 - 年龄交互项中，出现了显著的主效应，即每个年龄组的男性VO值均高于同年龄组的女性。本研究表明，需要将性别和年龄作为重要预测因素来评估CRF。因此，性别和年龄特异性参考结果可作为监测、跟踪和比较不同国籍老年人的一种途径。
